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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2022.23.3.360-368</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-1048</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ: ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ, АГРОХИМИЯ, МЕЛИОРАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES: AGRICULTURE, AGROCHEMISTRY, LAND IMPROVEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экологические режимы почв Новгородской области, осушаемых открытым дренажем</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ecological regimes of soils of the Novgorod region  drained by open drainage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8476-0792</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балун</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balun</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балун Ольга Васильевна, кандидат техн. наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>д. 2, ул. Парковая, п/о Борки, Новгородский район, Новгородской обл., 173516</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Balun, PhD in Engineering, associate professor, senior researcher</p><p>2, str. Parkovaya, etc. Borkey, Novgorod district, Novgorod region, 73516</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bov0001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4057-9910</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкодина</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkodina</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шкодина Елена Петровна, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>д. 2, ул. Парковая, п/о Борки, Новгородский район, Новгородской обл., 173516</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena P. Shkodina, senior researcher</p><p>2, str. Parkovaya, etc. Borkey, Novgorod district, Novgorod region, 173516</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@spcras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0349-8185</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлева Валентина Александровна, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>д. 2, ул. Парковая, п/о Борки, Новгородский район, Новгородской обл., 173516</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A. Yakovleva, senior researcher</p><p>2, str. Parkovaya, etc. Borkey, Novgorod district, Novgorod region, 173516</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@spcras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8034-2489</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жукова</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukova</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жукова Светлана Юрьевна, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>д. 2, ул. Парковая, п/о Борки, Новгородский район, Новгородской обл., 173516</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana Yu. Zhukova, senior researcher</p><p>2, str. Parkovaya, etc. Borkey, Novgorod district, Novgorod region, 173516</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@spcras.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новгородский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства − филиал ФГБУН «Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novgorod Research Agriculture Institute − Branch of St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>360</fpage><lpage>368</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балун О.В., Шкодина Е.П., Яковлева В.А., Жукова С.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балун О.В., Шкодина Е.П., Яковлева В.А., Жукова С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balun O.V., Shkodina E.P., Yakovleva V.A., Zhukova S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1048">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1048</self-uri><abstract><p>В природно-климатических условиях Новгородской области были исследованы экологические режимы земель, осушаемых различными конструкциями открытого дренажа: каналы через 70 м (контроль), ложбины стока в сочетании с полосами возделывания, рекультивации, закрытым дренажем. В процессе эксплуатации (1992-2021 гг.) конструкций открытого дренажа произошли изменения агрохимического состояния почв: обменная кислотность снизилась; содержание гумуса увеличилось на 2-3 %, за исключением варианта сочетания ложбин с полосой рекультивации (уменьшение на 1,5 %); содержание подвижного фосфора и калия уменьшилось. Формирование режимов грунтовых вод и запасов влаги на осушительных системах зависит от метеорологических условий, которые в последние 5 лет отличались большим разнообразием: от слабо засушливых (2020 г., ГТК = 1,1) до избыточно увлажненных (2017 г., ГТК = 2,65). Системы ложбин стока в сочетании с полосой рекультивации обеспечили самый низкий уровень грунтовых вод, при этом в экстремально влажный год они не поднимались в пахотный горизонт. Наиболее благоприятный режим влажности корнеобитаемого слоя почвы в избыточно влажном 2017 г. и последующие годы отмечен на системах ложбин стока с закрытым дренажем в сочетании с полосами рекультивации. В засушливые периоды, которыми обычно являются июнь-июль, на опытных системах ложбин стока в сочетании с полосами возделывания и рекультивации наблюдали недостаток влаги в корнеобитаемом слое почвы. Наиболее острый дефицит влаги в эти периоды (0,45ПВ) отмечали на системах сочетания ложбин стока с полосами возделывания. Наиболее благоприятный режим влажности почвы (0,65-0,85ПВ) был в варианте сочетания ложбин с закрытым дренажем и полосой рекультивации. Сформировавшиеся новые экологические режимы осушаемых ложбиннополосовым способом почв оказали существенное влияние на урожайность сена многолетних злаковых трав (тимофеевка луговая, овсяница луговая). Прибавка урожая по сравнению с контролем в среднем за 5 лет составила 0,3-0,6 т/га.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the natural and climatic conditions of the Novgorod region, the ecological regimes of lands drained by various open drainage structures were studied: channels through 70 m (control), runoff hollows in combination with the strips of cultivation, reclamation, and closed drainage. During the operation (1992-2021) of open drainage structures, the agrochemical state of soils changed: the exchange acidity decreased; the humus content increased by 2-3 %, with the exception of a combination of hollows with a reclamation strip (a decrease of 1.5 %); the content of mobile phosphorus and potassium decreased. The formation of groundwater regimes and moisture reserves on drainage systems depends on meteorological conditions, which in the last 5 years have been very diverse: from slightly arid (2020, HTC = 1.1) to excessively moist (2017, HTC = 2.65). The systems of runoff hollows in combination with the reclamation strip provided the lowest groundwater level, while in an extremely wet year they did not rise into the arable horizon. The most favorable moisture regime of the root-inhabited soil layer in excessively humid 2017 and subsequent years was noted on systems of runoff hollows with closed drainage in combination with reclamation strips. During dry periods, which are usually June-July, a lack of moisture in the root layer of the soil was observed on experimental systems of runoff hollows in combination with cultivation and reclamation strips. The most acute moisture deficiency in these periods (0.45 full capacity) was noted on systems combining runoff hollows with cultivation strips. The most favorable soil moisture regime (0.65-0.85 full capacity) was in the combination of hollows with closed drainage and a reclamation strip. The formed new ecological regimes of the soils drained by the hollow-strip method had a significant impact on the hay yield of perennial grasses (Phleum pratense, Festuca pratensis). The increase in yield compared to the control averaged 0.3-0.6 t/ha over 5 years.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>уровень грунтовых вод</kwd><kwd>влажность почвы</kwd><kwd>каналы</kwd><kwd>ложбины стока</kwd><kwd>полосование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>groundwater level</kwd><kwd>soil moisture</kwd><kwd>channels</kwd><kwd>runoff hollows</kwd><kwd>cultivation strip</kwd><kwd>recultivation strip</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ «Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук» (тема FFZF-2022-0010, рег. №НИОКР 122041100104-6). Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of the St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (theme No. FFZF-2022-0010). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the expert evaluation of this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balun O. V. Effectiveness of drainage of agricultural land by closed drainage in climatic conditions of the Novgorod Region. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. International Scientific and Practical Conference Biotechnology in the Agro-Industrial Complex and Sustainable Environmental Management. 2020;613:012011. 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