agronaukaАграрная наука Евро-Северо-ВостокаAgricultural Science Euro-North-East2072-90812500-1396FARC North-East10.30766/2072-9081.2022.23.6.912-919agronauka-1188Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ: ЗООТЕХНИЯОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES: ZOOTECHNYОценка влияния предубойной голодной выдержки бычков на качественные характеристики мясаAssessment of the effect of pre-slaughter fasting period of young bulls on the qualitative characteristics of meathttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9477-6568ХарламовА. В.KharlamovA. V.

Харламов Анатолий Васильевич, доктор с.-х. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела технологии мясного скотоводства и производства говядины

ул. 9 Января, д. 29, г. Оренбург, Оренбургская обл., 460000

Anatoly V. Kharlamov, DSc in Agricultural Science, professor, chief researcher, the Department of Technology of Beef Cattle Breeding and Beef Production

9 Yanvarya St., 29, Orenburg, Orenburg region, 460000

fncbst@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4525-2554ФроловА. Н.FrolovA. N.

Фролов Алексей Николаевич, доктор биол. наук, зав. отделом технологии мясного скотоводства и производства говядины

ул. 9 Января, д. 29, г. Оренбург, Оренбургская обл., 460000

Alexei N. Frolov, DSc in Biological Science, Head of the Department of Technology of Beef Cattle Breeding and Beef Production

9 Yanvarya St., 29, Orenburg, Orenburg region, 460000

forleh@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2033-3956ЗавьяловО. А.ZavyalovO. A.

Завьялов Олег Александрович, доктор биол. наук ведущий научный сотрудник отдела технологии мясного скотоводства и производства говядины

ул. 9 Января, 29, г. Оренбург, Оренбургская  обл., 460000

Oleg A. Zavyalov, DSc in Biological Science, leading researcher, the Department of Technology of Beef Cattle Breeding and Beef Production

9 Yanvarya St., 29, Orenburg, Orenburg region, 460000

fncbst@mail.ruФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук»РоссияFederal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202220122022236912919Copyright © Харламов А.В., Фролов А.Н., Завьялов О.А., 20222022Харламов А.В., Фролов А.Н., Завьялов О.А.Kharlamov A.V., Frolov A.N., Zavyalov O.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1188

Целью исследования являлась оценка влияния технологической операции «предубойная голодная выдержка» на качественные характеристики мяса бычков. Исследования выполняли на 2 группах бычков айширской породы 18-месячного возраста, живой массой 435±3,25 кг: I (n = 10) – убой без голодной выдержки на убойном пункте, II (n = 10) – убой с 24-часовой голодной выдержкой на убойном пункте. Общее расстояние от фермы до пункта взвешивания животных и убоя составляло 97 км, время в пути 1 час 43 минуты. Температура окружающей среды на момент транспортировки минус 13-15 °С, влажность воздуха 79 %, скорость ветра 6 м/с. Установлено, что технологическая операция в виде голодной выдержки после транспортировки в течение 24 часов повлияла на качественные показатели длиннейшего мускула спины ‒ увеличилось содержание сухого вещества на 2,45 %, белка – на 2,64 %, олеиновой жирной кислоты – на 2,65 %, концентрация гликогена – на 38,9 %, влагоемкость – на 11,01 % при снижении содержания влаги – на 2,48 %, рН – на 3,5 % миристиновой жирной кислоты на 0,95 %, пальмитолеиновой – на 0,42 %, стеариновой – на 1,35 % по сравнению с группой бычков без голодной выдержки. Таким образом, предубойная 24-часовая голодная выдержка бычков улучшает качественные характеристики мяса по сравнению с животными, убитыми без выдержки.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of the technological operation “pre-slaughter fasting period” on the qualitative characteristics of the meat of young bulls. The studies were carried out in two groups of Ayrshire bulls of 18 months of age, with a live weight of 435 ± 3.25 kg: I (n = 10) – slaughter without fasting period at the slaughter station, II (n = 10) – slaughter with 24-hour fasting period at the slaughter station. The total distance from the farm to the animal weighing and slaughter station was 97 km, and the travel time was 1 hour 43 minutes. The ambient temperature at the time of transportation was minus 13-15 °C, air humidity was 79 %, wind speed was 6 m/s. It has been established that the technological operation in the form of fasting period during 24 hours after transportation affected the qualitative indicators of the longissimus dorsi muscle, namely, there increased: the dry matter content by 2.45 %, protein – by 2.64 %, glycogen concentration – by 38.9 %, moisture capacity – by 11.01 %, oleic fatty acid – by 2.65 % with a decrease in moisture content – by 2.48 %, pH – by 3.5 %, myristic fatty acid by 0.95 %, palmitoleic acid – by 0.42 %, stearic acid – by 1.35 % compared to the group of bulls without fasting period. Thus, pre-slaughter 24-hour fasting period of young bulls improves the qualitative characteristics of meat compared to animals slaughtered without it.

айширская породастресскачество мясажирнокислотный составгликогенAyrshire breedstressmeat qualityfatty acid compositionglycogenРабота выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук» (тема № 0761-2019-0006). Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.The research was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (theme No. 0761-2019-0006). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.ReferencesАжмулдинов Е. А., Харламов А. В., Кизаев М. А., Титов М. Г. Влияние транспортировки и сезона убоя на качество мяса животных (обзор). Животноводство и кормопроизводство. 2021;104(2):33-45. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.