agronaukaАграрная наука Евро-Северо-ВостокаAgricultural Science Euro-North-East2072-90812500-1396FARC North-East10.30766/2072-9081.2023.24.5.720-738agronauka-1441Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEWПерспективы использования эндофитных и экстремофильных микроорганизмов в борьбе с фитопатогенами сельскохозяйственных культур (обзор)Prospects for the use of endophytic and extremophilic microorganisms in the fight against phytopathogens of agricultural crops (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9711-2145ФасхутдиноваЕ. Р.FaskhutdinovaE. R.

Фасхутдинова Елизавета Рафаиловна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории фиторемедиации техногенно нарушенных экосистем

 ул. Красная, д. 6, г. Кемерово, 650000

Elizaveta R. Faskhutdinova, junior researcher, the Laboratory of Phytoremediation of Technogenically Disturbed ecosystems

 Krasnaya str., 6, Kemerovo, 650000

fastkhutdinovae.98@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-4172ГолубцоваЮ. В.GolubtsovaYu. V.

Голубцова Юлия Владимировна, доктор техн. наук, проректор по развитию имущественного комплекса

 ул. Красная, д. 6, г. Кемерово, 650000

Yulia V. Golubtsova, DSc in Engineering, vice-rector for the development of the property complex

 Krasnaya str., 6, Kemerovo, 650000

rector@kemsu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0309-5709НевероваО. А.NeverovaO. A.

Неверова Ольга Александровна, доктор биол. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой экологии и природопользования

 ул. Красная, д. 6, г. Кемерово, 650000

Olga A. Neverova, DSc in Biological Science, professor, head of the Department of Ecology and Nature Managemen

Krasnaya str., 6, Kemerovo, 650000

rector@kemsu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0166-2527ЛаричевТ. А.LarichevT. A.

Ларичев Тимофей Альбертович, кандидат хим. наук

 ул. Красная, д. 6, г. Кемерово, 650000

Timothy A. Larichev, PhD in Chemistry

Krasnaya str., 6, Kemerovo, 650000

rector@kemsu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4238-5370ХорошкинаН. Н.KhoroshkinaN. N.

Хорошкина Наталья Николаевна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории фиторемедиации техногенно нарушенных экосистем

 ул. Красная, д. 6, г. Кемерово, 650000

Natalia N. Khoroshkina, junior researcher, the Laboratory of Phytoremediation of Technogenically Disturbed Ecosystems

 Krasnaya str., 6, Kemerovo, 650000

rector@kemsu.ruФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет»РоссияKemerovo State UniversityRussian Federation202331102023245720738Copyright © Фасхутдинова Е.Р., Голубцова Ю.В., Неверова О.А., Ларичев Т.А., Хорошкина Н.Н., 20232023Фасхутдинова Е.Р., Голубцова Ю.В., Неверова О.А., Ларичев Т.А., Хорошкина Н.Н.Faskhutdinova E.R., Golubtsova Y.V., Neverova O.A., Larichev T.A., Khoroshkina N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1441

В годы с острой эпифитотической обстановкой инфекционные заболевания растений вызывают значительные потери урожая. Для обеспечения продуктивности сельскохозяйственных культур используют пестициды – вещества химической природы, защищающие растения от фитопатогенов. Повсеместное применение пестицидов приводит к загрязнению почвенных и водных ресурсов, изменениям в микробиоме, нарушению нормального роста и развития растений. С целью минимизировать антропогенное влияние на территории агропромышленного комплекса и обеспечить защиту культурных растений от биотических стрессов разработаны экологически безопасные аналоги пестицидов химической природы – биопестициды на основе бактерий и грибов (получили большее распространение), а также вирусов. В обзоре на основе анализа 105 научных источников рассмотрены преимущества данных препаратов, описаны перспективные агенты биологического контроля, которые могут быть включены в их состав, а именно эндофитные (колонизируют ткани растений) и экстремофильные (выживают в агрессивных условиях окружающей среды) микроорганизмы. Применение эндофитных микроорганизмов в борьбе с инфекционными заболеваниями растений перспективно за счет их способности оказывать непосредственное влияние на рост сельскохозяйственных культур, в частности на их индуцированную резистентность. Положительный эффект от применения экстремофильных микроорганизмов связан с универсальностью их использования, а именно способностью сохранять эффективность в различных почвенно-климатических условиях.

During the years with acute epiphytotic conditions, infectious diseases of plants cause significant crop losses. To ensure the productivity of agricultural crops, pesticides are used, that is, substances of chemical nature that protect plants from phytopathogens. Widespread use of pesticides leads to contamination of soil and water resources, changes in the microbiome, disruption of normal plant growth and development. In order to minimize the anthropogenic impact on the territory of the agroindustrial complex and ensure the protection of cultivated plants from biotic stresses, environmentally safe analogues of chemical pesticides have been developed – biopesticides based on bacteria and fungi (have become more widespread), as well as viruses. The review, based on the analysis of 105 scientific sources, examines the advantages of these drugs, describes promising biological control agents that can be included in their composition, namely endophytic (colonize plant tissues) and extremophilic (survive in aggressive environmental conditions) microorganisms. The use of endophytic microorganisms in the fight against infectious diseases of plants is promising due to their ability to have a direct impact on the growth of crops and their induced resistance. The positive effect associated with the use of extremophilic microorganisms is associated with the universality of their use, namely the ability to maintain efficiency in various soil and climatic conditions.

агропромышленностьбиопестицидыантагонистическая активностьантимикробная активностьPseudomonasBacillusTrichodermaферментные комплексыagro-industrybiopesticidesantagonistic activityantimicrobial activityPseudomonasBacillusTrichodermaenzyme complexesработа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ согласно Государственному заданию ФГБОУ ВО «Кемеровский государственный университет» (FZSR-2023-0003) в рамках национального проекта «Наука и университеты». Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.the work was carried out within the framework of the state task with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (FZSR-2023-0003). This state task is funded within the framework of the national project "Science and Universities".ReferencesDrakopoulos D., Kägi A., Six J., Zorn A., Wettstein F. E., Bucheli T. D., Forrer H., Vogelgsang S. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.