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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2023.24.6.1029-1037</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-1488</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ: ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES: ZOOTECHNY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Низкотемпературное воздействие в раннем эмбриогенезе как метод повышения общей резистентности организма цыплят к инфекционным заболеваниям</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Low-temperature exposure in early embryogenesis as a way of increasing the resistance of chicks to infectious diseases</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1618-6271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федорова Елена Сергеевна, кандидат биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела генетики, разведения и сохранения генетических ресурсов сельскохозяйственных птиц</p><p>д. 55а, Московское шоссе, г. Пушкин, г. Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Fedorova, PhD in Biology, senior researcher, the Department of genetics, breeding and conservation of genetic resources of farm birds</p><p>Moscow Shosse, 55a, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Osot2005@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9504-3916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Станишевская</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stanishevskaya</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Станишевская Ольга Игоревна, доктор биол. наук, зав. отделом генетики, разведения и сохранения генетических ресурсов сельскохозяйственных птиц</p><p>д. 55а, Московское шоссе, г. Пушкин, г. Санкт-Петербург, 196601</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga I. Stanishevskaya, DSc in Biology, Head of the Department of genetics, breeding and conservation of genetic resources of farm birds</p><p>Moscow Shosse, 55a, Pushkin, St. Petersburg, 196601</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">spbvniigen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт генетики и разведения сельскохозяйственных животных – филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л. К. Эрнста»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Research Institute of Farm Animal Genetics and Breeding – Branch of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>1029</fpage><lpage>1037</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федорова Е.С., Станишевская О.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федорова Е.С., Станишевская О.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorova E.S., Stanishevskaya O.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1488">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1488</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена проблеме повышения общей резистентности цыплят к инфекционным заболеваниям в первые 3 недели жизни технологическими методами. В качестве фактора воздействия предложено дозированное низкотемпературное воздействие на эмбрион в чувствительный период раннего эмбриогенеза; в качестве тестового вируса при экспериментальном заражении эмбрионов использован вирус гриппа. Установлено, что у эмбрионов, подвергшихся охлаждению, титр вируса был достоверно ниже в 1,5-12,0 раз (P &lt; 0,001) по сравнению с контролем, что свидетельствует о снижении репликативной активности вирусных штаммов у эмбрионов данной группы. В куриных эмбрионах русской белоснежной породы с охлаждением наблюдали снижение инфекционной активности вируса гриппа А на 11,5 %, вируса инфекционного бронхита кур – на 3,6-6,9 % в зависимости от породной принадлежности эмбрионов. Уровень общей резистентности организма цыплят опытной группы к заболеваниям бактериальной этиологии отмечен выше, о чем свидетельствует более высокая сохранность молодняка в первые 3 недели жизни (на 1,0 % выше, чем в контроле) и более высокий индекс бурсы у 12-суточных цыплят (на 8,5-9,0 % выше, чем в контроле). Выводимость яиц опытной группы была на 4,5 % выше, чем в контроле. Полученные эффекты, как результат гипотермического воздействия в данный чувствительный период эмбриогенеза, могут быть объяснены индуцированием выработки эмбрионом стрессовых белков теплового и холодового шока, которые, в свою очередь, активируют врожденные противовирусные реакции, обусловленные главным комплексом гистосовместимости. Однако данный вопрос требует дополнительного изучения с привлечением методов молекулярной генетики, поскольку предполагаемые механизмы, обуславливающие повышение иммунобиологического статуса эмбрионов в ответ на низкотемпературное воздействие, нуждаются в подтверждении.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the resistance of chicks from hatching to the age of 3 weeks to infectious diseases by technological methods. Dosed low-temperature exposure to the embryo during the sensitive period of early embryogenesis was proposed as an impact factor; influenza vaccine virus was used as a test virus for experimental infection of embryos. It was found that in the embryos after cooling, the titer of the virus was significantly lower by 1.5-12.0 times (p&lt;0.001) compared with the control. This fact indicates a decrease in the replicative activity of viral strains in embryos of this group. In chicken embryos of Russian Snow-White breed after cooling, there was a decrease in the infectious activity of the influenza A virus by 11.5 %, as well as a decrease in the infectious activity of the infectious bronchitis virus by 3.6-6.9 %, depending on the breed of the embryos. The level of chick resistance in the experimental group to diseases of bacterial etiology was also higher, as evidenced by the higher safety of 3-week-old chicks (0.8-1.1 % higher than in the control) and a higher bursa index in 12-day-old chicks (8.5-9.0 % higher than in the control). The hatchability of eggs of the experimental group was also 4.5 % higher than in the control. The effects obtained as a result of hypothermic exposure during this sensitive period of embryogenesis can be explained by inducing the production of heat and cold shock proteins by the embryo, which, in turn, activate innate antiviral reactions caused by major histocompatibility complex. However, this issue requires additional study with the involvement of molecular genetics methods, since the supposed mechanisms that cause an increase in resistance in response to low-temperature exposure in early ontogenesis need to be confirmed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>куриный эмбрион</kwd><kwd>инфекционная активность</kwd><kwd>вирус гриппа</kwd><kwd>вирус инфекционного бронхита кур</kwd><kwd>главный комплекс гистосовместимости</kwd><kwd>белки теплового шока</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chicken embryo</kwd><kwd>infectious activity</kwd><kwd>influenza virus</kwd><kwd>infectious bronchitis virus of chicken</kwd><kwd>major histocompatibility complex</kwd><kwd>heat shock proteins</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки России в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л. К. Эрнста» (тема № 121052600357-8). Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The Russian Federation within the state assignment of the L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry (theme No. 121052600357-8). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the expert evaluation of this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Somes R. G. International Registry of Poultry Genetic Stocks. The University of Connecticut Storrs, 1988. 98 p. URL: http://digitalcommons.uconn.edu/saes/29</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Somes R. G. International Registry of Poultry Genetic Stocks. The University of Connecticut Storrs, 1988. 98 p. 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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-007-6413-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
