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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2024.25.1.53-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-1534</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. ЗАЩИТА РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES. PLANT PROTECTION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменчивость заразихи, паразитирующей на подсолнечнике, при интенсивном его возделывании в регионах Российской Федерации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variability of broomrape parasitizing on sunflower during its intensive cultivation in the regions of the Russian Federation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8915-1136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антонова Татьяна Сергеевна, доктор биол. наук, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель лаборатории иммунитета</p><p>ул. им. Филатова д. 17, г. Краснодар, 350038</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana S. Antonova, DSc in Biology, chief researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Immunity</p><p>17 Filatov str., Krasnodar, 350038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniimk@vniimk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-9254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арасланова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Araslanova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арасланова Нина Михайловна, кандидат с.-х. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунитета</p><p>ул. им. Филатова д. 17, г. Краснодар, 350038</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina M. Araslanova, PhD in Agriculture, leading researcher, the Laboratory of Immunity</p><p>17 Filatov str., Krasnodar, 350038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">araslanova-nina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3973-2965</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивебор</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Iwebor</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ивебор Мария Вячеславовна, кандидат с.-х. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунитета</p><p>ул. им. Филатова д. 17, г. Краснодар, 350038</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Iwebor, PhD in Agriculture, leading researcher, the Laboratory of Immunity</p><p>17 Filatov str., Krasnodar, 350038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniimk@vniimk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2176-3491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Саукова</surname><given-names>С. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saukova</surname><given-names>S. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Саукова Светлана Леонидовна, кандидат биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунитета</p><p>ул. им. Филатова д. 17, г. Краснодар, 350038</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana L. Saukova, PhD in Biology, senior researcher, the Laboratory of Immunity</p><p>17 Filatov str., Krasnodar, 350038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniimk@vniimk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт масличных культур имени В. С. Пустовойта»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V. S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антонова Т.С., Арасланова Н.М., Ивебор М.В., Саукова С.Л., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антонова Т.С., Арасланова Н.М., Ивебор М.В., Саукова С.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antonova T.S., Araslanova N.M., Iwebor M.V., Saukova S.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1534">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1534</self-uri><abstract><p>Ежегодный мониторинг засорённости полей семенами заразихи на протяжении последних 15 лет показывает, что, несмотря на широкое распространение повсеместно расы G, на многих из них сохраняется примесь семян других, более слабых рас: E и F. Цель исследований – идентифицировать расовую принадлежность семян заразихи с полей регионов РФ, где возделывается подсолнечник, и описать новые ботанические признаки у представителей наиболее распространённой расы G паразита. Для идентификации рас использовали международно принятые линии-дифференциаторы подсолнечника LC 1093, Р 96, устойчивые к расам заразихи от A до F, а также авторскую линию RG, обладающую иммунитетом к расе G и всем предыдущим, гибрид НК Брио (устойчив к расам от А до Е) и гибрид Тунка (устойчив к расам от А до G). На отдельных полях Краснодарского и Ставропольского краёв, Ростовской, Воронежской, Самарской, Оренбургской областей в 2020–2022 гг. выявлен пока в малом количестве высокоагрессивный биотип паразита (будущая раса Н). Очевидно, что продолжение интенсивного возделывания подсолнечника на этих полях приведёт к быстрому распространению расы Н в указанных регионах. Кроме расового разнообразия, отмечены часто встречающиеся изменения габитуса растений (кустистые формы) у ряда представителей расы G. Впервые нами показано разрастание гаусториально-клубеньковой области паразита и формирование множественных стеблей из одного клубенька. Это создаёт преимущество в конкурентных отношениях за питание между особями заразихи, располагающимися рядом на одном корне подсолнечника и, в конечном итоге, ускоряет и увеличивает семенную продуктивность растения. Быстрая эволюция Orobanche cumana Wallr. в ходе интенсификации возделывания подсолнечника выражается не только в формировании новых физиологических рас, но и в ускоренном увеличении семенной продуктивности паразита путём изменения габитуса растений, включая гаусториально-клубеньковую область.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Annual monitoring of broomrape seed infestation of fields over the last 15 years shows that despite the widespread distribution of race G, seeds of other, weaker races E and F remain in many fields. The aim of the research was to identify the racial belonging of broomrape seeds from fields in sunflower-growing regions of the Russian Federation and to describe new botanical characteristics in representatives of the most widespread race G of the parasite. To identify the races, there were used the internationally accepted sunflower differential lines LC 1093, P 96, resistant to races A to F, as well as the original line RG, which is immune to race G and all previous races, hybrid NK Brio (resistant to races A to E) and hybrid Tunka (resistant to races A to G). A highly aggressive parasite biotype (future race H) has so far been identified in small numbers in some fields in the Krasnodar, Stavropol, Rostov, Voronezh, Samara and Orenburg regions. Obviously, the continuation of intensive sunflower cultivation in these fields will lead to a rapid spread of race H in these regions. In addition to the racial diversity, frequent changes in plant habitus (bushy forms) were observed in some representatives of race G. For the first time, there has been demonstrated an overgrowth of the haustorial-tubercle area of the parasite and the formation of multiple stems from a single tubercle. This creates an advantage in the competition for food between adjacent broomrape individuals on the same sunflower root and ultimately accelerates and increases the seed production of the plant. The rapid evolution of Orobanche cumana Wallr. during the intensification of sunflower cultivation is expressed not only in the formation of new physiological races, but also in an accelerated increase in the seed productivity of the parasite by changing the habitus of the plants, including the haustorial-tubercle area.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Orobanche cumana Wallr.</kwd><kwd>расы заразихи</kwd><kwd>гаусториально-клубеньковая область</kwd><kwd>изменение габитуса</kwd><kwd>кустистость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Orobanche cumana Wallr.</kwd><kwd>races of broomrape</kwd><kwd>haustorial-tubercle area</kwd><kwd>habitus change</kwd><kwd>bushiness</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт масличных культур имени В. С. Пустовойта» (тема № FGRU-2022-0009).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of the V. S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (Theme No. FGRU-2022-0009).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaya Y. Current situation of sunflower broomrape around the world. Proc. 3rd Int. Symp. on Broomrape (Orobanche spp.) in Sunflower. Cordoba, Spain, 2014. Pp. 9–18. 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