agronaukaАграрная наука Евро-Северо-ВостокаAgricultural Science Euro-North-East2072-90812500-1396FARC North-East10.30766/2072-9081.2024.25.4.525-537agronauka-1711Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEWПрименение микросателлитов в популяционно-генетических исследованиях северного оленя (Rangifer tarandus) (обзор)Application of microsatellites in population genetic studies of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-0404ХарзиноваВ. Р.KharzinovaV. R.

Харзинова Вероника Руслановна, кандидат биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории ДНК-технологий в животноводстве

п. Дубровицы 60, г.о. Подольск, Московская область, 142132

Veronika R. Kharzinova, PhD in Biological Science, leading researcher, the Laboratory of DNA technologies in animal husbandry

Dubrovitsy 60, Podolsk, Moscow region, Russian Federation, 142132

info@vij.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4017-6863ЗиновьеваН. А.ZinovievaN. A.

Зиновьева Наталия Анатольевна, академик РАН, профессор, доктор биол. наук, директор

п. Дубровицы 60, г. о. Подольск, Московская область, 142132

 

Natalia A. Zinovieva, academician of RAS, professor, DSc in Biological Science, Director

Dubrovitsy 60, Podolsk, Moscow region, Russian Federation, 142132

info@vij.ruФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л. К. Эрнста»РоссияFederal Research Center for Animal Husbandry named after Academy Member L. K. ErnstRussian Federation202429082024254525–537Copyright © Харзинова В.Р., Зиновьева Н.А., 20242024Харзинова В.Р., Зиновьева Н.А.Kharzinova V.R., Zinovieva N.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1711

За последние несколько десятилетий теоретические, аналитические и методологические достижения в генетике произвели революцию в популяционно-генетических исследованиях, обеспечив лучшее понимание эволюционных процессов, истории популяций и видов. Методологически такой прогресс во многом обусловлен изобретением технологии полимеразной цепной реакции и внедрением маркеров микросателлитной ДНК. В настоящем обзоре обсуждаются тенденции в использовании микросателлитных маркеров как эффективных инструментов для решения широкого спектра задач в популяционной генетике, природоохранной и эволюционной биологии единственного вида рода Rangifer – северного оленя. На основании проведенного анализа экспериментальных и обзорных публикаций (78 источников) научных коллективов Российской Федерации, Канады, Соединенных Штатов Америки, Ирландии, Японии, Китая, Норвегии, обобщены первые работы успешной амплификации микросателлитов северных оленей, а также продемонстрирована значимость данных маркеров для изучения внутрипопуляционного и межпопуляционного разнообразия, дифференциации, генетических взаимоотношений, воздействия антропогенных факторов на генетическое разнообразие и генетическую изоляцию популяций, а также для реконструкции эволюционной истории различных форм северного оленя.

Over a few past decades, theoretical, analytical, and methodological advances in genetics have revolutionized population genetic research, providing a better understanding of evolutionary processes and the history of populations and species. Methodologically, this progress is largely due to the invention of polymerase chain reaction technology and the introduction of microsatellite DNA markers. This review discusses trends in the use of microsatellite markers as effective tools for solving a wide range of issues in population genetics, conservation and evolutionary biology of the only species of the genus Rangifer – reindeer. Based on the analysis of both experimental and review publications (78 sources) of the scientific teams of the Russian Federation, Canada, the United States of America, Ireland, Japan, China, Norway the first works on the successful amplification of reindeer microsatellites have been summarized. There has been demonstrated the significance of the data of markers for studying intra- and inter-population diversity, differentiation, genetic relationships, the impact of anthropogenic factors on genetic diversity and genetic isolation of populations, as well as for reconstructing the evolutionary history of the various reindeer forms.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.