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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2025.26.3.499-518</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-1864</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>История формирования сибирского чёрно-пёстрого голштинизированного скота (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The history of the formation of Siberian black-and-white Holstein cattle (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0885-2772</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатохин</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatokhin</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шатохин Кирилл Сергеевич, кандидат биол. наук, доцент, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории прикладной биоинформатики </p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 160, г. Новосибирск, 630039</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill S. Shatokhin, PhD in Biological Science, associate professor, senior researcher, the Laboratory of Applied Bioinformatics </p><p>Dobrolyubov Street, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">true_genetic@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-697X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нарожных</surname><given-names>К. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Narozhnykh</surname><given-names>K. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нарожных Кирилл Николаевич, кандидат биол. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры прикладной биоинформатики </p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 160, г. Новосибирск, 630039</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kirill N. Narozhnykh, PhD in Biological Science, associate professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Applied Bioinformatics </p><p>Dobrolyubov Street, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@nsau.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-4107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>А. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петров Алексей Фёдорович, заведующий лабораторией прикладной биоинформатики </p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 160, г. Новосибирск, 630039</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey F. Petrov, Head of the Laboratory of Applied Bioinformatics </p><p>Dobrolyubov Street, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@nsau.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чечушкова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chechushkova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чечушкова Марина Анатольевна, кандидат биол. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры прикладной биоинформатики </p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 160, г. Новосибирск, 630039</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Chechushkova, PhD in Biological Science, associate professor, Associate Professor at the Department of the Laboratory of Applied Bioinformatics </p><p>Dobrolyubov Street, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@nsau.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3352-3958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Норкина</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Norkinа</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Норкина Виолетта Михайловна, ассистент кафедры прикладной биоинформатики </p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 160, г. Новосибирск, 630039</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Violetta M. Norkina, lecturer, the Department of Applied Bioinformatics </p><p>Dobrolyubov Street, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@nsau.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ефремова Ольга Викторовна, главный зоотехник-селекционер </p><p>с. Верх-Ирмень, Ордынский район, Новосибирская область, 633272</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Efremova, chief zootechnician and breeder </p><p>Verkh-Irmen village, Ordynsk district, Novosibirsk region, 633272</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irmeny@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0341-5055</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалдинов</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamaldinov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камалдинов Евгений Варисович, доктор биол. наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой прикладной биоинформатики </p><p>ул. Добролюбова, д. 160, г. Новосибирск, 630039</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgueny V. Kamaldinov, DSc in Biological Science, associate professor, Head of the Department of Applied Bioinformatics </p><p>Dobrolyubov Street, 160, Novosibirsk, 630039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rector@nsau.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Новосибирский государственный аграрный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Novosibirsk State Agriсultural University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЗАО «Племзавод Ирмень»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>CJSC "Plemzavod Irmen"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>499</fpage><lpage>518</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шатохин К.С., Нарожных К.Н., Петров А.Ф., Чечушкова М.А., Норкина В.М., Ефремова О.В., Камалдинов Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шатохин К.С., Нарожных К.Н., Петров А.Ф., Чечушкова М.А., Норкина В.М., Ефремова О.В., Камалдинов Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shatokhin K.S., Narozhnykh K.N., Petrov A.F., Chechushkova M.A., Norkinа V.M., Efremova O.V., Kamaldinov E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1864">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1864</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведено изучение формообразования сибирского чёрно-пёстрого голштинизированного скота. Предмет исследования – история происхождения и доместикации предковых форм сибирского чёрно-пёстрого голштинизированного скота, а именно голштинской, советской чёрно-пёстрой пород, коренного скота Сибири и западных регионов России. Показано, что скот на западе России вероятнее всего произошёл от дикого тура (Bos primigenius), обитавшего в Северной Африке либо на Ближнем Востоке. Однако некоторые записи указывают на интродукцию генов со стороны дикого зубра (Bison bonasus). Голштинская порода произошла от европейского дикого тура (Bos primigenius), но эволюционировала без притока генов со стороны российского скота. В свою очередь, начиная с XVIII века русский скот периодически улучшали производителями фризской, голландской, а потом и голштинской пород. Происхождение коренного сибирского скота до сих пор является предметом обсуждений. Согласно одной из гипотез, коренной сибирский скот является потомком дикого тура (Bos primigenius), который был одомашнен в Северной Африке и попал на территорию Сибири вместе с миграцией человеческих племён. Другая теория относит коренной сибирский скот к так называемой турано-монгольской группе, происхождение которой также вызывает вопросы. В геноме современных представителей турано-монгольского скота обнаружены гаплотипы, свойственные дикому туру (Bos primigenius), зебу (Bos indicus), а также маркёры, не свойственные ни одному из этих видов. Это может указывать как на происхождение турано-монгольского скота от отдельного дикого предка, так и на интродукцию от яка (Bos mutus) или другого вида быков. Таким образом, генофонд сибирского чёрно-пёстрого скота представляет собой уникальный генетический резерв, сочетающий в себе приспособительные качества местного скота и высокий потенциал молочной продуктивности, унаследованный от голштинской породы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The development of Siberian black-and-white Holstein cattle has been studied. The subject of the study was the history of the origin and domestication of the ancestral forms of Siberian black-and-white Holstein cattle, namely the Holstein, Soviet black-and-white breeds, indigenous cattle of Siberia and the western regions of Russia. It has been shown that cattle in western Russia most likely originated from wild auroch (Bos primigenius) that lived in North Africa or the Middle East. However, some records indicate the introduction of genes from the wild wisent (Bison bonasus). The Holstein breed originated from the European wild aurochs (Bos primigenius), but evolved without the influx of genes from Russian cattle. In turn, since the 18th century, Russian cattle have been periodically improved by producers of Frisian, Dutch, and then Holstein breeds. The origin of indigenous Siberian cattle is still a matter of debate. According to one hypothesis, the indigenous Siberian cattle are descendants of the wild aurochs (Bos primigenius), which was domesticated in North Africa and entered Siberia along with the migration of human tribes. Another theory attributes the indigenous Siberian cattle to the so-called TuranoMongolian group, the origin of which also raises questions. In the genome of modern representatives of Turano-Mongolian cattle, haplotypes peculiar to wild aurochs (Bos primigenius), zebu (Bos indicus), as well as markers not peculiar to any of these species were found. This may indicate the origin of Turano-Mongolian cattle from a separate wild ancestor, as well as the introduction of yak (Bos mutus) or another type of bull. Thus, the gene pool of Siberian black-and-white cattle is a unique genetic reserve that combines the adaptive qualities of local cattle and the high potential of dairy productivity inherited from the Holstein breed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>голштинская порода</kwd><kwd>турано-монгольский скот</kwd><kwd>филогенез</kwd><kwd>доместикация</kwd><kwd>сельское хозяйство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Holstein breed</kwd><kwd>Turano-Mongolian cattle</kwd><kwd>phylogeny</kwd><kwd>domestication</kwd><kwd>agriculture</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование выполнено при поддержке Минобрнауки в рамках Государственного задания, проект: «Разработка прикладного программного обеспечения для проведения экстерьерной оценки животных с интеллектуальным контролем и анализом данных» (тема № FESF-2023-0016).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the research was carried out with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment, the project: «Development of application software for the external assessment of animals with intelligent control and data analysis» (theme No. FESF-2023-0016)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yurchenko A., Yudin N., Aitnazarov R., Plyusnina A., Brukhin V., Soloshenko V. et al. 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