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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2025.26.1.59-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-1883</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ: РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES: PLANT GROWING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние предпосевной обработки семян электрофизическими и химическими воздействиями на урожайность зерна кукурузы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of pre-sowing seed treatment by electrophysical and chemical exposures on maize grain yields</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8715-0655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пахомов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pakhomov</surname><given-names>Viktor I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виктор Иванович Пахомов, доктор техн. наук, член-корреспондент РАН, директор</p><p>ул. Научный городок, д. 3, г. Зерноград, Ростовская область, 347740</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor I. Pakhomov, DSc in Engineering, corresponding member of RAS, director</p><p>3 Nauchnyj Gorodok St., Zernograd, Rostov Region, 347740</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniizk30@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7188-4179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брагинец</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Braginets</surname><given-names>Andrey V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Валерьевич Брагинец, кандидат техн. наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Научный городок, д. 3, г. Зерноград, Ростовская область, 347740</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Braginets, PhD in Engineering, researcher</p><p>3 Nauchnyj Gorodok St., Zernograd, Rostov Region, 347740</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniizk30@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3362-5627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бахчевников</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bakhchevnikov</surname><given-names>Oleg N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Николаевич Бахчевников, кандидат техн. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Научный городок, д. 3, г. Зерноград, Ростовская область, 347740</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg N. Bakhchevnikov, PhD in Engineering, senior researcher</p><p>3 Nauchnyj Gorodok St., Zernograd, Rostov Region, 347740</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg-b@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0056-8857</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максак</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maksak</surname><given-names>Dmitriy A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Андреевич Максак, инженер</p><p>ул. Научный городок, д. 3, г. Зерноград, Ростовская область, 347740</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Maksak, engineer</p><p>3 Nauchnyj Gorodok St., Zernograd, Rostov Region, 347740</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniizk30@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Аграрный научный центр «Донской»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Agricultural Research Centre Donskoy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пахомов В.И., Брагинец А.В., Бахчевников О.Н., Максак Д.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пахомов В.И., Брагинец А.В., Бахчевников О.Н., Максак Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pakhomov V.I., Braginets A.V., Bakhchevnikov O.N., Maksak D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1883">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1883</self-uri><abstract><p>В опубликованных результатах научных исследований по предпосевной обработке семян сельскохозяйственных культур различными способами недостаточно изучена сравнительная эффективность их применения на семенах кукурузы. Цель исследования – определить влияние предпосевной обработки семян кукурузы ультрафиолетовым (УФ) излучением, сверхвысокочастотным (СВЧ) излучением, газообразным озоном, фунгицидным препаратом Скарлет (контроль) на урожайность зерна в условиях полевого опыта. Исследования выполняли на юге Ростовской области в 2021–2023 гг. Обработку семян гибрида кукурузы Сапсан МВ УФ, СВЧ и озоном провели за сутки до посева, фунгицидом – в день посева. Установлено, что предпосевная обработка семян кукурузы изученными способами увеличивает ее урожайность по сравнению с полусухим протравливанием препаратом Скарлет (0,4 л/т). Наибольшее статистически значимое влияние на урожайность кукурузы оказала предпосевная обработка семян УФ-излучением (УФ-А 200–280 нм и УФ-С 315–380 нм, 10 мин): +41,0 % к биологической урожайности и +40,7 % к фактической по сравнению с протравливанием. Немного уступает обработке УФ по эффективности обработка озоном (60 мг/м3 , 5 мин): +39,9 % к биологической урожайности и +36,3 % к фактической. Обработка семян кукурузы СВЧ (2450 МГц, 700 Вт, 1 мин) показала наименьшую эффективность: +25,6 % к биологической урожайности и +24,1 % к фактической. Рост урожайности кукурузы в результате предпосевной обработки семян был достигнут за счет увеличения количества растений на единицу площади и початков на них, а также массы зерна с початка и массы 1000 зерен. Для замены традиционного способа предпосевной обработки семян кукурузы (протравливание) наиболее подходят способы, основанные на действии УФ-излучения и озона, обеспечивающие наибольшее увеличение урожайности зерна кукурузы в сравнении с обработкой фунгицидом Скарлет.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The comparative effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of maize (Zea mays L.) seeds by different methods is not sufficiently studied in the published results of scientific research. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of pre-sowing treatment of maize seeds with ultraviolet (UV) radiation, microwave (MW) radiation, gaseous ozone, fungicidal preparation Scarlet (control) on corn yield in the field experiment. The studies were carried out in the south of Rostov region in 2021–2023. Seeds of maize hybrid ‘Sapsan MV’ were treated with UV, MW and ozone on the day before sowing, and with fungicide on the day of sowing. It has been established that pre-sowing treatment of maize seeds by the studied methods increases its yield compared to semi-dry treatment with Scarlet preparation (0.4 l/t). Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with UV radiation (UVA 200–280 nm and UVC 315–380 nm, 10 min) had the greatest statistically significant effect on corn yield: +41.0 % to biological yield and +40.7 % to actual yield in comparison with treatment by fungicide. Ozone treatment (60 mg/m3 , 5 min) was slightly less effective than UV treatment: +39.9 % to biological yield and +36.3 % to actual yield. Microwave treatment (2450 MHz, 700 W, 1 min) of maize seeds showed the lowest efficiency: +25.6 % to biological yield and +24.1 % to actual yield. Increase in corn yield was achieved as a result of pre-sowing seed treatment by increasing the number of plants per unit area and the number of corncobs on them, as well as the mass of corn per corncob and the mass of 1000 grains. Methods based on the action of UV radiation and ozone are the most suitable to replace the traditional method of pre-sowing treatment of maize seeds (fungicide treatment). These methods provide the greatest increase in corn yield compared to fungicide treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Zea mays L.</kwd><kwd>структура урожая</kwd><kwd>озонирование</kwd><kwd>СВЧ-излучение</kwd><kwd>УФ-излучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Zea mays L.</kwd><kwd>yield structure</kwd><kwd>ozonation</kwd><kwd>microwave radiation</kwd><kwd>UV radiation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ «Аграрный научный центр «Донской» (тема № 0505-2025-0001)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the research was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of the Agricultural Research Centre Donskoy (theme No. 0505-2025-0001)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carrera-Castano G., Calleja-Cabrera J., Pernas M., Gomez L., Onate-Sanchez L. 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