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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2025.26.3.671-679</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-1981</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ. ЗВЕРОВОДСТВО, ОХОТОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES. FUR FARMING AND HUNTING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная характеристика биохимических параметров у диких и разводимых на промышленных зверофермах лисиц (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) с использованием методов PCA и корреляционного анализа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative characteristics of biochemical parameters in wild and commercially bred foxes (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) using PCA and correlation analysis methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5082-716X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Березина</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezina</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Березина Юлия Анатольевна, кандидат вет. наук, старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. Преображенская, д. 79, г. Киров, Кировская обл., 610000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulуa A. Berezina, PhD in Veterinary Science, senior researcher </p><p>79, Preobrazhenskaya Street, Kirov, 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uliya180775@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4539-7385</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беспятых</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespyatykh</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беспятых Олег Юрьевич, доктор биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник; заведующий кафедрой физической культуры </p><p>ул. Преображенская, д. 79, г. Киров, Кировская обл., 610000;ул. Московская, д.36, г. Киров, 610000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg Yu. Bespyatykh, DSc in Biological Science, leading researcher; Head of the Department of Physical Education </p><p>79, Preobrazhenskaya Street, Kirov, 610000;Moskovskaya str., 36, Kirov, 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniioz43@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1633-1341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Домский</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Domskiy</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Домский Игорь Александрович, член-корреспондент РАН, доктор вет. наук, директор </p><p>ул. Преображенская, д. 79, г. Киров, Кировская обл., 610000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Domskiy, DSc in Veterinary Science, corresponding member of RAS, director </p><p>79, Preobrazhenskaya Street, Kirov, 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniioz43@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3234-8602</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сюткина</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Syutkina</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сюткина Анна Сергеевна, кандидат вет. наук, старший научный сотрудник </p><p>ул. Преображенская, д. 79, г. Киров, Кировская обл., 610000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna S. Syutkina, PhD in Veterinary Science, senior researcher </p><p>79, Preobrazhenskaya Street, Kirov, 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniioz43@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стреляный</surname><given-names>С. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strelyaniy</surname><given-names>S. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стреляный Сергей Филиппович, заведующий научно-опытного хозяйства </p><p>ул. Преображенская, д. 79, г. Киров, Кировская обл., 610000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey F. Strelyaniy, Head of the Scientific and Experimental farm </p><p>79, Preobrazhenskaya Street, Kirov, 610000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vniioz43@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт охотничьего хозяйства и звероводства имени профессора Б. М. Житкова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Professor Zhitkov Federal State Budgetary Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт охотничьего хозяйства и звероводства имени профессора Б. М. Житкова»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Вятский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Professor Zhitkov Federal State Budgetary Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming;&#13;
Vyatka State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>671</fpage><lpage>679</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Березина Ю.А., Беспятых О.Ю., Домский И.А., Сюткина А.С., Стреляный С.Ф., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Березина Ю.А., Беспятых О.Ю., Домский И.А., Сюткина А.С., Стреляный С.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Berezina Y.A., Bespyatykh O.Y., Domskiy I.A., Syutkina A.S., Strelyaniy S.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1981">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/1981</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведено комплексное исследование биохимического профиля диких и разводимых на промышленных зверофермах лисиц (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) разных окрасов (серебристо-черных и красных «Огнёвка вятская») с применением методов главных компонент (PCA) и корреляционного анализа. Анализ выявил существенные метаболические различия между группами, связанные с эффектами доместикации и половым диморфизмом. Метод PCA показал, что у диких лисиц факторная структура биохимических параметров более распределена (82,1 % дисперсии объясняется тремя компонентами), тогда как у разводимых на промышленных зверофермах, особенно красных лисиц «Огнёвка вятская», наблюдается консолидация метаболических процессов (до 70,1 % дисперсии в первой компоненте). У диких особей выявлены специфические связи: положительные нагрузки АсАТ с креатинином (rs = 0,823; p&lt;0,01) у самок и сильная положительная корреляция АсАТ с альбумином (rs = 0,985; p&lt;0,01) у самцов, отражающие адаптивные механизмы в природных популяциях. Разводимые на промышленных зверофермах лисицы демонстрируют более упорядоченный метаболизм с сильными корреляциями между печеночными ферментами (АлАТ-АсАТ: rs = 0,975; p&lt;0,01 у красных самок). Особенно показательно различие в азотистом обмене: у диких самок обнаружена уникальная отрицательная корреляция мочевины с креатинином (rs = -0,891; p&lt;0,01), тогда как у разводимых на зверофермах особей эти параметры положительно связаны. Исследование подтверждает, что процесс доместикации приводит к реорганизации метаболических сетей, снижая их вариабельность и усиливая интеграцию ключевых физиологических параметров. Выявленные различия отражают адаптацию диких лисиц к изменчивым природным условиям и специализацию разводимых на промышленных зверофермах особей в стабильной среде содержания и кормления. Полученные данные важны для понимания физиологических последствий одомашнивания зверей и могут быть использованы при разработке критериев оценки статуса животных, разводимых на специализированных зверофермах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A comprehensive study of the biochemical profile of wild and commercially bred foxes (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) of different colors (silver-black and red Ognevka Vyatskaya) was carried out using the methods of principal components (PCA) and correlation analysis. The analysis revealed significant metabolic differences between the groups related to the effects of domestication and sexual dimorphism. The PCA method showed that the factor structure of biochemical parameters in wild foxes is more distributed (82.1 % of the variance is explained by three components), whereas consolidation of metabolic processes is observed in bred on industrial fur farms, especially red Ognevka Vyatskaya foxes (up to 70.1 % of the variance in the first component). Specific associations were found in wild individuals: positive AsAT loads with creatinine (rs = 0.823; p&lt;0.01) in females and a strong positive correlation of AsAT with albumin (rs = 0.985; p&lt;0.01) in males, reflecting adaptive mechanisms in natural populations. Foxes bred on industrial fur farms demonstrate a more orderly metabolism with strong correlations between liver enzymes (ALT-AsAT: rs = 0.975; p&lt;0.01 in red females). The difference in nitrogen metabolism is particularly significant: in wild females, a unique negative correlation of urea with creatinine (rs = -0.891; p&lt;0.01) was found, whereas in animals bred on animal farms, these parameters are positively related. The study confirms that the process of domestication leads to the reorganization of metabolic networks, reducing their variability and enhancing the integration of key physiological parameters. The revealed differences reflect the adaptation of wild foxes to changing natural conditions and the specialization of individuals bred on industrial animal farms in a stable environment of maintenance and feeding. The data obtained are important for understanding the physiological consequences of animal domestication and can be used in developing criteria for assessing the status of animals bred on specialized animal farms.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>представители семейства Canidae</kwd><kwd>содержание в неволе</kwd><kwd>цветовые типы</kwd><kwd>биохимические показатели крови</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>representatives of the Canidae family</kwd><kwd>captive animals</kwd><kwd>colors types</kwd><kwd>biochemical parameters of blood</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт охотничьего хозяйства и звероводства имени профессора Б. М. Житкова» (тема FNWS-2022-0002).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of the Professor Zhitkov Federal State Budgetary Russian Research Institute of Game Management and Fur Farming (topic FNWS-2022-0002).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Срослова Г. А., Постнова М. В., Зимина Ю. А. Особенности адаптации живых организмов. Вестник Волгоградского государственного университета. Серия 11: Естественные науки. 2017;7(4):32–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu11.2017.4.5 EDN: XPSPTN</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sroslova G. A., Postnova M. V., Zimina Yu. A. Features of adaptation of living organisms. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 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