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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2025.26.2.388-395</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-2002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ: ВЕТЕРИНАРНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES: VETERINARY MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структура микробиоты толстой кишки молодняка свиней в норме и при патологии желудочно-кишечного тракта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The structure of the microbiota of the colon of young pigs is normal and in the pathology of the gastrointestinal tract</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4557-844X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филатов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Филатов Андрей Викторович, доктор вет. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры разведения, кормления и частной зоотехнии; ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>Октябрьский проспект, д. 133, г. Киров, 610017</p><p>ул. Ручейная, д. 27, г. Сыктывкар, Республика Коми, 167023</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Filatov, DSc in Veterinary, professor, professor at  the Department of Breeding, Feeding and Private Animal Science</p><p>Oktyabrsky Prospekt, 133, Kirov, 610017</p><p>27 Rucheynaya str., Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, 167023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fav6819@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минин Александр Витальевич, кандидат вет. наук, директор </p><p>ул. Строителей, д. 3, г. Уржум, Кировская область, 613531</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Minin, PhD in Veterinary, Director </p><p>Stroiteley Village, 3, Urzhum, Kirov region, 613531</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">minintotal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5485-4616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаев Семен Викторович, кандидат вет. наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Ручейная, д. 27, г. Сыктывкар, Республика Коми, 167023</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Semyon V. Nikolaev, PhD in Veterinary, researcher</p><p>27 Rucheynaya str., Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, 167023</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nipti@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Вятский государственный агротехнологический университет»; Институт агробиотехнологий имени А. В. Журавского Коми научного центра УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vyatka State Agrotechnological University; A. V. Zhuravsky Institute of Agro-Biotechnologies of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Сима»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sima LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт агробиотехнологий имени А. В. Журавского Коми научного центра УрО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. V. Zhuravsky Institute of Agro-Biotechnologies of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>388</fpage><lpage>395</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Филатов А.В., Минин А.В., Николаев С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Филатов А.В., Минин А.В., Николаев С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Filatov A.V., Minin A.V., Nikolaev S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/2002">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/2002</self-uri><abstract><p>Болезни органов пищеварения у животных в условиях промышленной технологии свинины имеют широкое распространение во всех технологических группах. Синдром диареи наиболее часто встречается у поросят на доращивании, особенно в начале периода, что связано с резким отъемом и изменением рациона. Цель работы –  проведение сравнительной оценки фекальной микробиоты кишечника у здоровых поросят и молодняка с диарейным синдромом с помощью молекулярно-генетического метода. Взятие биологического материала проводили на крупном  свиноводческом комплексе. Объектом исследования служил здоровый и больной молодняк свиней в технологической группе доращивания. В качестве молекулярно-генетического метода использовали метод полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) в реальном времени (qPCR). По результатам лабораторных исследований установлено, что развитие заболевания у животных сопровождалось увеличением в содержимом прямой кишки общего количества бактерий на 107,32. В структуре фекальной микробиоты содержание желательных микроорганизмов у молодняка с клиническим проявлением диареи составило 82,19 %, что на 15,40 % меньше, чем у здоровых животных. Данные изменения происходили за счет увеличения в содержимом прямой кишки у больных поросят представителей нежелательных микроорганизмов. При проявлении диареи у поросят в биологическом материале регистрировали снижение большинства представителей нормофлоры, относящихся к роду Lactobacillus spp., Lachnobacterium spp., Clostridium spp, Megasphaera spp., Veillonella spp., Dialister sрp., и увеличение численности условно-патогенных и патогенных микроорганизмов, в частности Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Atopobium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., а также семейства Enterobacteriaceae. Понимание структурных изменений микробиоты  в норме и при патологии позволит правильно интерпретировать эксперименты, ориентированные на коррекцию микробиома с помощью пробиотических средств, нацеленных на конкурентное замещение оппортунистической и патогенной микрофлоры.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Diseases of the digestive organs in animals in the conditions of industrial pork technology are widespread in all technological groups. Diarrhea syndrome is the most frequent in piglets on nursery, especially at the beginning of the period, which is associated with abrupt weaning and diet change. The aim of the work was to carry out a comparative assessment of fecal intestinal microbiota in healthy piglets and saplings with diarrheal syndrome using a molecular genetic method. Biological material was collected at a large pig-breeding complex. The object of the study was healthy and sick young pigs in the technological group of nursery. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method was used as a molecular genetic method. According to the results of laboratory studies, it was found that the development of the disease in animals was accompanied by an increase in the total number of bacteria in the contents of the rectum by 107.32. In the structure of the fecal microbiota, the content of desirable microorganisms in young animals with clinical manifestation of diarrhea was 82.19 %, which is 15.40 % less than in healthy animals. These changes occur due to an increase in the contents of the rectum in sick piglets of representatives of undesirable microorganisms. When diarrhea occurs in piglets, a decrease in the majority of representatives of the normoflora belonging to the genus Lactobacillus spp., Lachnobacterium spp., Clostridium spp., Megasphaera spp., Veillonella spp., Dialister spp. is recorded in the biological material and an increase in the number of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms, in particular Peptostreptococcus spp., Mobiluncus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Atopobium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., as well as the Enterobacteriaceae family. Understanding the structural changes of the microbiota in normal and pathological conditions will allow for the correct interpretation of the experiments aimed at correcting the microbiome using probiotic agents aimed at the competitive replacement of opportunistic and pathogenic microflora.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>свиноводство</kwd><kwd>поросята на доращивании</kwd><kwd>диарея</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd><kwd>молекулярно-генетический  метод</kwd><kwd>ПЦР в реальном времени</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pig breeding</kwd><kwd>weaning piglets</kwd><kwd>diarrhea</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd><kwd>molecular genetic method</kwd><kwd>real-time qPCR</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках Государственного задания Института агробиотехнологий имени А. В. Журавского Коми научного центра УрО РАН (тема № FUUU-2024-0014, регистрационный номер НИОКТР 124102200684-8).   Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was carried out with the financial support of Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of the A. V. Zhuravsky Institute of Agro-Biotechnologies of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (theme No. FUUU-2024-0014, registration number 124102200684-8).  The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Захарова Т. П., Сидорова К. А. Некоторые данные по незаразной патологии свиней. Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2014;(6):1829. 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