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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2025.26.5.975-997</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-2213</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль кормовых добавок в формировании продуктивности жвачных (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of feed additives in the formation of ruminant productivity (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4104-3333</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шошина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shoshina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шошина Оксана Вячеславовна, кандидат биол. наук, младший научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. 9 Января, д. 29, г. Оренбург, 460000,</p><p>fncbst@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Shoshina, PhD in Biological Science, junior researcher,</p><p>January 9, 29, Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oksana.shoshina.98@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3688-2303</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соболева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soboleva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соболева Наталья Владимировна, кандидат с.-х. наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории биологических испытаний и экспертиз,</p><p>ул. 9 Января, д. 29, г. Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Soboleva, PhD in Agricultural Science, researcher, the Laboratory of Biological Testing and Expertise,</p><p>January 9, 29, Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fncbst@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9015-8367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дускаев</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Duskaev</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дускаев Галимжан Калиханович, доктор биол. наук, профессор РАН, главный научный сотрудник,</p><p>ул. 9 Января, д. 29, г. Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galimzhan K. Duskaev, DSc in Biological Science, professor of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chief researcher,</p><p>January 9, 29, Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fncbst@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2586-613X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шейда</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheida</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шейда Елена Владимировна, доктор биол. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, зав. отделом кормления, ул. 9 Января, д. 29, г. Оренбург, 460000</p><p>старший научный сотрудник, пр. Победы, 13, г. Оренбург, 460018,</p><p>post@mail.osu.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Sheida, DSc in Biological Science, leading researcher, Head of the Department of Feeding, January 9, 29, Orenburg, 460000</p><p>Senior Researcher, Pobedy Ave., 13, Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fncbst@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0561-7002</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кван</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kwan</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кван Ольга Вилориевна, кандидат биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела кормления сельскохозяйственных животных и технологии кормов им. С. Г. Леушина,</p><p>ул. 9 Января, 29, г. Оренбург, 460000;</p><p>старший научный сотрудник, пр. Победы, 13, г. Оренбург, 460018,</p><p>post@mail.osu.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Kwan, PhD in Biological Science, senior researcher, the Department of Feeding Farm Animals and Feed Technology named after S. G. Leushin, January 9, 29, Orenburg, 460000</p><p>Senior Researcher, Pobedy Ave., 13, Orenburg, 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fncbst@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук»;&#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
Orenburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>975</fpage><lpage>997</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шошина О.В., Соболева Н.В., Дускаев Г.К., Шейда Е.В., Кван О.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шошина О.В., Соболева Н.В., Дускаев Г.К., Шейда Е.В., Кван О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shoshina O.V., Soboleva N.V., Duskaev G.K., Sheida E.V., Kwan O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/2213">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/2213</self-uri><abstract><p>Существуют различные типы кормовых добавок: аминокислоты, минералы, витамины, пробиотики, пребиотики, гормоны и ферменты. Биологически активные добавки, используемые как в натуральном виде, так и в комплексе ускоряют обмен веществ, что ведет к повышению продуктивности и улучшению качества получаемой продукции от животных. Макро- и микроэлементы оказывают хороший эффект на обмен веществ в организме коров, величину удоя, состав молока и его технологические свойства. Учеными доказано, что основной лимитирующей аминокислотой для жвачных является метионин, а с добавлением в совокупности лизина и метионина к основному рациону получают дополнительный надой молока. Есть подтверждения, что пробиотики в комплексе с пребиотиками положительно себя зарекомендовали, такое сочетание называется «синбиотики». Эти два продукта целенаправленно поддерживают друг друга, что является наиболее вероятным подходом к снижению количества патогенов в молочной продукции. Среди ферментных препаратов в настоящее время наиболее широко используются в животноводстве композиции, содержащие ксиланазу, целлюлазу и β-глюканазу. Фермент целлюлаза значительно улучшает суточный удой, жирность и жирно-кислотный состав молока, а также способствует улучшению усвоения питательных веществ. При этом экзогенный фермент ксиланаза не оказывает влияние на удои и способствует снижению эффективности использования корма у коров в начале лактации. Таким образом, биологически активные добавки как в натуральном виде, так и в комплексе позволяют восполнить дефицит основных питательных веществ, улучшить рубцовое пищеварение, увеличить удой и биологическую ценность молока, а также оказывают позитивный эффект на воспроизводительную способность коров.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>There are various types of feed additives: amino acids, minerals, vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, hormones, and enzymes. Biologically active additives used both in their natural form and in a complex accelerate metabolism which leads to increased productivity and improved quality of products obtained from animals. Macro- and microelements have a good effect on the metabolism in the body of cows, the amount of milk yield, the composition of milk and its technological properties. Scientists have proven that the main limiting amino acid for ruminants is methionine, and with the addition of lysine and methionine together to the basic diet, additional milk yield is obtained. There is evidence that probiotics combined with prebiotics have proven themselves positively, such a combination is called "synbiotics". These two products purposefully support each other, which is the most likely approach to reducing the number of pathogens in dairy products. Currently, the most widely used enzyme preparations in animal husbandry are compositions containing xylanase, cellulase, and beta-glucanase. The cellulase enzyme significantly improves the daily milk yield, fat content and fatty acid composition of milk, as well as improves the absorption of nutrients. At the same time, the exogenous enzyme xylanase has no effect on milk yield and contributes to a decrease in the efficiency of feed use in cows at the beginning of lactation. Thus, biologically active additives, both in their natural form and in a complex, make it possible to optimize the nutrient content in the body, improve scar digestion, increase milk yield and biological value of milk, and also have a positive effect on the reproductive ability of cows.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>крупный рогатый скот</kwd><kwd>кормление</kwd><kwd>растительные препараты</kwd><kwd>минеральные препараты</kwd><kwd>аминокислоты</kwd><kwd>пробиотические препараты</kwd><kwd>пребиотические препараты</kwd><kwd>молочная продуктивность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cattle</kwd><kwd>feeding</kwd><kwd>herbal preparations</kwd><kwd>mineral preparations</kwd><kwd>amino acids</kwd><kwd>probiotic preparations</kwd><kwd>prebiotic preparations</kwd><kwd>milk productivity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки РФ в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр биологических систем и агротехнологий Российской академии наук» (№ FNWZ-2024-0002).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of the Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences (No. FNWZ-2024-0002).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li S. 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