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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2026.27.2.257-271</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-2479</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биобанки генетических ресурсов сельскохозяйственных животных в мире и России (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biobanks of genetic resources of farm animals worldwide and in Russia (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7553-9527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чубукова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chubukova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чубукова Ольга Вячеславовна, кандидат биол. наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>пр-кт Октября, д.71, г. Уфа, 450054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Chubukova, PhD in Biology, researcher</p><p>pr-kt Оktyabrya, 71, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chubukova@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0979-0283</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимова</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimova</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хакимова Лилия Ралисовна, кандидат биол. наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>пр-кт Октября, д.71, г. Уфа, 450054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liliya R. Khakimova, PhD in Biology, researcher</p><p>pr-kt Оktyabrya, 71, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5480-5320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вершинина</surname><given-names>З. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vershinina</surname><given-names>Z. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вершинина Зиля Рифовна, кандидат биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>пр-кт Октября, д.71, г. Уфа, 450054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zilya R. Vershinina, PhD in Biology, senior researcher</p><p>pr-kt Оktyabrya, 71, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">molgen@anrb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7374-8405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлова Елена Владимировна, кандидат биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>пр-кт Октября, д.71, г. Уфа, 450054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Mikhailova, PhD in Biology, senior researcher</p><p>pr-kt Оktyabrya, 71, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">molgen@anrb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2570-0789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карунас</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karunas</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карунас Александра Станиславовна, доктор биол. наук, кандидат мед. наук, и.о. директора</p><p>пр-кт Октября, д.71, г. Уфа, 450054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra S. Karunas, DSc in Biology, PhD of Medical Sciences, acting director</p><p>pr-kt Оktyabrya, 71, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">molgen@anrb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2987-3334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хуснутдинова</surname><given-names>Э. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusnutdinova</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хуснутдинова Эльза Камилевна, доктор биол. наук, научный руководитель</p><p>пр-кт Октября, д.71, г. Уфа, 450054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elza K. Khusnutdinova, DSc in Biology, scientific supervisor</p><p>pr-kt Оktyabrya, 71, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">molgen@anrb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6203-9758</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусев Олег Александрович, кандидат биол. наук, заведующий лаборатории геномных и пост-геномных технологий в животноводстве</p><p>пр-кт Октября, д.71, г. Уфа, 450054</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg A. Gusev, PhD in Biology, Head of the Laboratory of Genomic and Post Genomic Technologies in Livestock Farming</p><p>pr-kt Оktyabrya, 71, Ufa, 450054</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">molgen@anrb.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимии и генетики – обособленное структурное подразделение ФГБНУ Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>257</fpage><lpage>271</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чубукова О.В., Хакимова Л.Р., Вершинина З.Р., Михайлова Е.В., Карунас А.С., Хуснутдинова Э.К., Гусев О.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чубукова О.В., Хакимова Л.Р., Вершинина З.Р., Михайлова Е.В., Карунас А.С., Хуснутдинова Э.К., Гусев О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chubukova O.V., Khakimova L.R., Vershinina Z.R., Mikhailova E.V., Karunas A.S., Khusnutdinova E.K., Gusev O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/2479">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/2479</self-uri><abstract><p>Сокращение биоразнообразия и как следствие генетических ресурсов сельскохозяйственных животных во всем мире в результате растущего антропогенного воздействия признано глобальной проблемой, требующей немедленного решения. Поэтому важнейшее значение приобретает деятельность по сохранению национальных генофондов сельскохозяйственных животных. Одной из наиболее эффективных форм сохранения генетических ресурсов является долгосрочное депонирование биоматериалов животных в специализированных коллекцияхбиобанках. Мировой опыт показывает, что создание подобных биобанков, материалы которых будут доступны ученым, селекционерам и представителям сельского хозяйства, имеет большое научное и прикладное значение. В статье проанализированы отечественные и зарубежные источники за последние 10 лет. Цель обзора – обобщение актуальных данных по развитию биобанкирования сельскохозяйственных животных в мире и Российской Федерации. Рассмотрены современное состояние проблемы сохранения генетических ресурсов сельскохозяйственных животных и подходы для ее решения, основной акцент сделан на сохранении материалов in vitro. В работе описывается текущее состояние коллекций генетических ресурсов сельскохозяйственных животных в РФ и крупнейших национальных генных банках ряда стран. Показана необходимость расширения работы в области биобанкирования сельскохозяйственных животных. В дальнейшем, образцы биобанков могут быть использованы как для сохранения популяций малочисленных, редких пород животных, так и восстановления генетической изменчивости коммерческих, активно разводимых пород. С развитием омиксных технологий биобанки сельскохозяйственных животных приобретают особое значение как источники генетически разнообразной и специализированной ДНК, которая может быть использована для исследования функций генов, анализа геномных ассоциаций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The decline in biodiversity and, as a consequence, in genetic resources of farm animals worldwide as a result of the growing anthropogenic impact is recognized as a global problem that requires an immediate solution. Therefore, the conservation of national gene pools of farm animals is of crucial importance. One of the most effective forms of conservation of genetic resources is the long-term deposit of animal biomaterials in specialized collections-biobanks. Global experience shows that the creation of such biobanks with materials accessible to scientists, breeders, and agricultural professionals, is of great scientific and applied importance. The article analyzes domestic and foreign sources over the last 10 years. The purpose of the review is to summarize current data on the development of biobanking of farm animals worldwide and in the Russian Federation. The current state of the problem of conservation of genetic resources of farm animals and approaches for its solution are considered, the main emphasis is on the conservation of materials in vitro. The paper describes the current state of collections of genetic resources of farm animals in the Russian Federation and the largest national gene banks in several countries. The need to expand work in the field of biobanking of farm animals is shown. In the future, biobank samples can be used both to preserve populations of small, rare animal breeds and to restore the genetic variability of commercial, actively bred breeds. With the development of omix technologies, biobanks of farm animals are becoming particularly important as sources of genetically diverse and specialized DNA that can be used to study gene functions and analyze genomic associations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генофонд</kwd><kwd>порода</kwd><kwd>генный банк</kwd><kwd>биологические коллекции</kwd><kwd>криоконсервация</kwd><kwd>ex situ сохранение</kwd><kwd>биоматериалы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gene pool</kwd><kwd>breed</kwd><kwd>gene bank</kwd><kwd>biological collections</kwd><kwd>cryopreservation</kwd><kwd>ex situ conservation</kwd><kwd>biomaterials</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке мегагранта Минобрнауки РФ «Разработка эффективных инструментов для развития животноводства с использованием генетических технологий и анализа больших данных» (№ 075-15-2025-014 (№ 075-15-2024-666), 2024–2028 гг.) https://labgentech.ru/megagrant/megagrant-075-15-2025-014/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was funded by megagrant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation «Development of effective tools for livestock farming growth using genetic technologies and big data analysis» (No. 075-15-2025-014 (previously No. 075-15-2024-666), 2024-2028). https://labgentech.ru/megagrant/megagrant-075-15-2025-014/</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астрелина Т. 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