agronaukaАграрная наука Евро-Северо-ВостокаAgricultural Science Euro-North-East2072-90812500-1396FARC North-East10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.2.103-117agronauka-312Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEWРоль антиоксидантов и использование их в животноводстве и птицеводстве (обзор)The role of antioxidants and their use in animal breeding and poultry farming (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5156-9705ОстапчукП. С.OstapchukP. S.

Остапчук Павел Сергеевич, кандидат с.-х. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории исследований технологических приемов в животноводстве и растениеводстве.

 

ул. Киевская, д. 150, г. Симферополь, Республика Крым,  295493.

Pavel S. Ostapchuk, PhD in Agricultural sciences, leading researcher of the Laboratory for Research of Techniques in Animal Husbandry and Plant Growing. 

Kievskaya Street, 150, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295493.

ostapchuk_p@niishk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4054-7145ЗубоченкоД. В.ZubochenkoD. V.

Зубоченко Денис Викторович, научный сотрудник лаборатории генетики, протеомики и биоинформатики .

ул. Киевская, д. 150, г. Симферополь, Республика Крым,  295493.

Denis V. Zubochenko, researcher of the Laboratory of Genetics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics. 

Kievskaya Street, 150, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295493.

denis.zubochenko@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0055-8605КуевдаТ. А.KuevdaT. A.

Куевда Татьяна Алексеевна, младший научный сотрудник лаборатории исследований технологических приемов в животноводстве и растениеводстве. 

ул. Киевская, д. 150, г. Симферополь, Республика Крым,  295493.

Tat'уana A. Kuevda, junior researcher, Laboratory for Research of Techniques in Animal Husbandry and Plant Growing 

Kievskaya Street, 150, Simferopol, Republic of Crimea, 295493.

green28t@yandex.ruФГБУН "Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Крыма".РоссияFederal State Budget Scientific Institution «Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea».Russian Federation201928042019202103117Copyright © Остапчук П.С., Зубоченко Д.В., Куевда Т.А., 20192019Остапчук П.С., Зубоченко Д.В., Куевда Т.А.Ostapchuk P.S., Zubochenko D.V., Kuevda T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/312

В обзорной статье изложена роль антиоксидантов и их использование в качестве добавок в корм для различных видов сельскохозяйственных животных и птицы. Установлено, что защита, которую активируют поступающие антиоксиданты, основана на предотвращении утечки свободных электронов в митохондриях клеток путем очистки промежуточных радикалов витаминами, глутатионами, мочевой кислотой, билирубином, убихинолом и т. д.; восстанавливаются и удаляются поврежденные молекулы и активизируется синтез новых молекул. Кормовые добавки природного происхождения характеризуются высоким содержанием антиоксидантов и применение их в животноводстве и птицеводстве позволяет повысить эффективность выращивания животных и птицы. В обзоре приводятся факты наличия в растениях источников природных антиоксидантов, в основе которых фенольные соединения и флаваноиды играют жизненно важную роль в предотвращении заболеваний, связанных как с окислительным стрессом, при котором образуются свободные радикалы, так и в качестве ингибиторов патогенной микрофлоры. В ходе окисления продуктов животноводства происходят органолептические изменения, влияющие на сроки хранения. Степень окисления продуктов животноводства может быть ограничена наличием антиоксидантов. Синтетические антиоксиданты, несмотря на свою эффективность в ингибировании окисления в продуктах, запрещены во многих странах. Природная альтернатива традиционным синтетическим антиоксидантам с целью применения их в качестве консервантов продуктов животноводства становится более предпочтительна, поскольку до сих пор практически не доказан наносимый вред потребителю от действия природных антиоксидантов в сравнении с синтетическими: природные антиоксиданты достаточно эффективно замедляют окисление липидов.

The article reviews the role of antioxidants and their use as additives in feed for various types of farm animals and poultry. Incoming antioxidants activate protection. This protection is based on preventing the leakage of free electrons in mitochondria by cleaning intermediate radicals with vitamins, glutathiones, uric acid, bilirubin, ubiquinone, etc. Damaged molecules are restored and removed and the synthesis of new molecules is activated. Feed additives of natural origin are characterized by a high content of antioxidants. The use of these additives can improve the efficiency of animal and poultry farming. Facts about the presence of natural antioxidants in plants are outlined in the review. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids forming the basis of natural antioxidants play a vital role in preventing diseases associated with both oxidative stress, which produces free radicals, and as inhibitors of pathogenic microflora. Organoleptic changes affecting the period of storing occur during the oxidation of livestock products during storage. The presence of antioxidants limits the degree of oxidation of livestock products. Synthetic antioxidants are forbidden in many countries although they are effective in inhibiting oxidation in food. A natural alternative to traditional synthetic antioxidants for the purpose of using them as preservatives for livestock products is becoming more preferable, since until now the harm for the consumer from the action of natural antioxidants in comparison with synthetic ones has not been proved: natural antioxidants effectively slow down lipid oxidation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.