agronaukaАграрная наука Евро-Северо-ВостокаAgricultural Science Euro-North-East2072-90812500-1396FARC North-East10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.5.427-436agronauka-386Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEWГидроэпидемиологические аспекты индикации в моллюсках возбудителей инфекционных болезней (обзор)Hydro-epidemiological aspects of infectious agent indication in mollusks (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5161-1184БлохинА. А.BlokhinA. A.

кандидат вет. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела эпизоотологии и оценки риска, связанного со здоровьем животных

ул. Ветеринарная, д. 3, г. Нижний Новгород, Российская Федерация, 603098

and.bloxin2010@yandex.ru

PhD in Veterinary Science, leading researcher, Head of the Laboratory of the Department of epizootology and risk assessment associated with animal health

3, Veterinarnaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Russian Federation, 606034

and.bloxin2010@yandex.ru

nnovgorog@vniivvim.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4786-6886ТороповаН. Н.ToropovaN. N.

младший научный сотрудник отдела эпизоотологии и оценки риска, связанного со здоровьем животных

ул. Ветеринарная, д. 3, г. Нижний Новгород, Российская Федерация, 603098

junior researcher, the Department of epizootology and risk assessment associated with animal health

3, Veterinarnaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Russian Federation, 606034

nnovgorog@vniivvim.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-2989ЗахароваО. И.ZakharovaO. I.

научный сотрудник отдела эпизоотологии и оценки риска, связанного со здоровьем животных

ул. Ветеринарная, д. 3, г. Нижний Новгород, Российская Федерация, 603098

 

researcher, the Department of epizootology and risk assessment associated with animal health

3, Veterinarnaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Russian Federation, 606034

nnovgorog@vniivvim.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9436-2085БуроваО. А.BurovaO. A.

научный сотрудник отдела эпизоотологии и оценки риска, связанного со здоровьем животных

ул. Ветеринарная, д. 3, г. Нижний Новгород, Российская Федерация, 603098

burovaolga@list.ru

researcher, the Department of epizootology and risk assessment associated with animal health

3, Veterinarnaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Russian Federation, 606034

nnovgorog@vniivvim.ruНижегородский научно-исследовательский ветеринарный институт – филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный исследовательский центр вирусологии и микробиологии»РоссияNizhny Novgorod Research Veterinary Institute - Branch of Federal Research Center for Virology and MicrobiologyRussian Federation201918102019205427436Copyright © Блохин А.А., Торопова Н.Н., Захарова О.И., Бурова О.А., 20192019Блохин А.А., Торопова Н.Н., Захарова О.И., Бурова О.А.Blokhin A.A., Toropova N.N., Zakharova O.I., Burova O.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/386

В статье представлено обоснование использования методов гидроэпидемиологии при оценке риска распротранения инфекционных болезней животных, связанных с водой. Авторы выделили шесть  гидроэпидемиологических групп болезней: 1) вода является средой накопления возбудителя; 2) вода является  средой передачи попавшего возбудителя болезни без его биологического накопления; 3) цикл развития возбудителя болезни непосредственно связан с водой и водными организмами; 4) болезни, передающиеся насекомыми, цикл развития которых связан с водой; 5) болезни, передающиеся водными и околоводными позвоночными животными; 6) болезни обитателей водоёмов. При этом показано, что водные организмы-фильтраторы (моллюски) аккумулируют в себе различные патогенные микроорганизмы, являющиеся возбудителями инфекционных болезней как человека, так и животных. Таким образом, моллюски могут служить тест-объектом гидроэпидемиологических исследований при оценке риска распространения инфекционных болезней в акваториях и околоводном комплексе, а также при непосредст-венном их употреблении в пищу.

The article presents the rationale for the use of hydro-epidemiology in assessing the risk of spreading water-related in-fectious diseases of animals. The authors distinguish six hydro-epidemiological groups of diseases: 1) water is the medium of pathogen accumulation; 2) water is the medium for transmission of the infection pathogen without its biological accumula-tion; 3) the development cycle of the causative agent is directly related to water and aquatic organisms; 4) diseases transmitted by insects having water-related development cycle; 5) diseases transmitted by aquatic and near-water vertebrates; 6) diseases of reservoir inhabitants. At the same time, it is shown that the aquatic filter-feeding bivalves (mollusks) accumulate in them-selves various pathogenic microorganisms, which are the causative agents of infectious diseases of both man and animals. Thus, mollusks can serve as a test object for hydro-epidemiological study in assessing the risk of infectious diseases dissemi-nation in water area and near-water complex as well as in using them directly for food.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.