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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.6.613-622</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-427</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ: ЗЕМЛЕДЕЛИЕ, АГРОХИМИЯ, МЕЛИОРАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES: AGRICULTURE, AGROCHEMISTRY, LAND IMPROVEMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Накопление пожнивно-корневых остатков и питательных элементов в кормовых севооборотах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Accumulation of root-stubble residues and nutrients in feed crop rotations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-5348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свечников</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svechnikov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Свечников Александр Константинович, научный сотрудник отдела кормопроизводства </p><p>e-mail:via@mari-el.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander K. Svechnikov, researcher</p><p>e-mail: via@mari-el.ru</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koalder@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Марийский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства – филиал ФГБНУ «Федеральный аграрный научный центр Северо-Востока имени Н. В. Рудницкого»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mari Agricultural Research Institute – branch of Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N.V.Rudnitsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>613</fpage><lpage>622</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Свечников А.К., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Свечников А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Svechnikov A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/427">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/427</self-uri><abstract><p>С 2001 по 2018 годы в условиях Республики Марий Эл изучали шестипольные кормовые севообороты с 1-3 полями бобово-злаковых трав. Проведена оценка количества запахиваемых пожнивно-корневых остатков (ПКО) и питательных элементов, поступивших с ними в почву, при различных уровнях внесения минеральных удобрений (N60P60K60 и N90P90K90 в 1-й и 2-й ротациях, N60P60K60 и P60K60 (в 3-й ротации). В период исследований содержание общего азота в дерново-подзолистой почве увеличилось с 0,15 до 0,28%, гумуса – с 1,82 до 2,53%. Питательных веществ ПКО в слой почвы 0-20 см больше всего было запахано в кормовом севообороте при одногодичном использовании многолетних трав. В среднем за 3 ротации в этот севооборот поступило: сухого вещества – 35,2 т/га, азота – 559 кг/га, фосфора – 231 кг/га и калия – 338 кг/га. Повышение обеспеченности почвы общим азотом и гумусом увеличило накопление растительных остатков и питательных элементов в 3-й ротации до 49,9 т/га, 821 кг/га, 321 и 496 кг/га соответственно. При этом существенных различий между фонами внесения удобрений не выявлено. В структуре изученных севооборотов наибольший вклад в пополнении питательных элементов в почве через запахивание ПКО внесла клеверо-люцерно-тимофеечная травосмесь: 10,1 т сухого вещества, 199 кг азота, 89 кг фосфора и 115 кг калия на 1 га пахотного слоя почвы. Включение поукосной горчицы после озимой ржи обеспечило почти равноценное с клеверо-люцерно-тимофеечной травосмесью количество запахиваемых ПКО.</p><p>Конфликт интересов: автор заявил об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>From 2001 to 2018 in Mari El Republic six-field fodder crop rotations including 1-3 fields of legume-cereal grasses were studied. The amount of plowed root-crop residues and nutrients entering the soil was assessed at different levels of minerals application (N60P60K60 and N90P90K90 in the 1st and 2 nd rotations, N60P60K60 и P60K60 in the 3rd rotation). During the research the total nitrogen content in sod-podzolic soil increased from 0.15% to 0.28%, the humus content raised from 1.82% to 2.53%. The largest amount of root-crop residues nutrients was plowed into 0 -20 cm soil layer during the fodder crop rotation at the 1-year use of the perennial grasses. On the average, it received 35.2 t/ha of dry matter, 560 kg/ha of nitrogen, 231 kg/ha of phosphorus and 338 kg/ha of potassium over 3 rotations. An increase in supply of soils with nitrogen and humus in the 3rd rotation raised the plant residues and nutrients accumulation to 49.9 t/ha, 821 kg/ha, 321 kg and 496 kg/ha, respectively. No significant differences were found between the fertilization backgrounds. In the structure of studied crop rotations cloveralfalfa-timothy grass mixture has made the greatest contribution to in the replenishment of nutrient elements by plowing up the root-crop residues: 10.1 tons of dry matter, 199 kg of nitrogen, 89 kg of phosphorus and 115 kg/ha of potassium. Using postcut mustard after winter rye provided almost the same amount of plowed root-crop residues as clover-alfalfa-timothy grass mixture.</p><p>Conflict of interest: the authors stated that there was no conflict of interest.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>культуры севооборотов</kwd><kwd>многолетние травы</kwd><kwd>ротация</kwd><kwd>питательные элементы</kwd><kwd>сухое вещество</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>crop rotation crops</kwd><kwd>perennial grasses</kwd><kwd>rotation</kwd><kwd>nutritional elements</kwd><kwd>dry matter</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Благодарности: работа выполнена в рамках Государственного задания ФГБНУ ФАНЦ Северо-Востока (тема № 0767-2019-0091).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Acknowledgement: the research was carried out within the state assignment of Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. 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