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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.4.453-461</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-584</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ISSR-полиморфизм кур-несушек родительского стада бройлеров, различающихся по темпам роста и показателям продуктивности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ISSR polymorphism of laying hens of broiler parental stock distinguished by rates of growth and productivity indicators</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6296-4962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grygorieva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорьева Марина Алексеевна, аспирант Института биологии; ведущий технолог </p><p>ул. Пирогова, д. 3, г. Тюмень, 625043</p><p>с. Каскара, Тюменская обл., Тюменский район, 625512</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Grigorieva, postgraduate; Leading Technologist </p><p>Pirogov St., 3, Tyumen, 625043</p><p>village of Kaskara, Tyumen Region, 625512 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">M.GRIGOREVA@tumen.prodo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-0689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Величко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Velichko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Величко Оксана Александровна, доктор с.-х. наук, директор </p><p>с. Каскара, Тюменская обл., Тюменский район, 625512 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana A. Velichko, DSc in Agricultural Science, Director</p><p>village of Kaskara, Tyumen Region, 625512 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">voa@tumen.prodo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3782-3014</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жигилева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhigileva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жигилева Оксана Николаевна, доктор биол. наук, профессор кафедры экологии и генетики Института биологии</p><p>ул. Пирогова, д. 3, г. Тюмень, 625043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana N. Zhigileva, DSc in Biological science, professor</p><p>Pirogov St., 3, Tyumen, 625043 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhigileva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-2583</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пак</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pak</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пак Ирина Владимировна, доктор биол. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой экологии и генетики Института биологии</p><p>ул. Пирогова, д. 3, г. Тюмень, 625043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Pak, DSc in Biological science, professor, Head of the Department of Ecology and Genetics</p><p>Pirogov St., 3, Tyumen, 625043</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pakiv57@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградский</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradsky</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виноградский Иван Александрович, студент 5 курса Института биологии</p><p>ул. Пирогова, д. 3, г. Тюмень, 625043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan A. Vinogradsky, student</p><p>Pirogov St., 3, Tyumen, 625043</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vinogradskiy.vanechka@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-8405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рустамов</surname><given-names>Р. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rustamov</surname><given-names>R. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рустамов Ризван Дилман оглы, аспирант кафедры экологии и генетики Института биологии</p><p>ул. Пирогова, д. 3, г. Тюмень, 625043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rizvan D. Rustamov, postgraduate</p><p>Pirogov St., 3, Tyumen, 625043</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rizvanich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0086-1180</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трофимов Олег Владимирович, кандидат биол. наук, доцент кафедры экологии и генетики Института биологии  </p><p>ул. Пирогова, д. 3, г. Тюмень, 625043</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Trofimov, PhD in Biological science, associate professor</p><p>Pirogov St., 3, Tyumen, 625043</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oleg_v_trofimov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный университет»; АО «ПРОДО Тюменский бройлер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State University; PRODO Tyumen broiler</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АО «ПРОДО Тюменский бройлер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>PRODO Tyumen broiler</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tyumen State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>453</fpage><lpage>461</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорьева М.А., Величко О.А., Жигилева О.Н., Пак И.В., Виноградский И.А., Рустамов Р.Д., Трофимов О.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорьева М.А., Величко О.А., Жигилева О.Н., Пак И.В., Виноградский И.А., Рустамов Р.Д., Трофимов О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grygorieva M.A., Velichko O.A., Zhigileva O.N., Pak I.V., Vinogradsky I.A., Rustamov R.D., Trofimov O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/584">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/584</self-uri><abstract><p>Поиск биомаркеров высокой продуктивности у кур в настоящее время является одной из актуальных задач, стоящих перед птицеводством. В связи с этим целью нашего исследования явилось изучение генетических особенностей кур-несушек родительского стада гибридного кросса «Arbor Acres Plus», различающихся по признакам продуктивности. Работы проведены на предприятии АО «ПРОДО Тюменский бройлер», г. Тюмень, Тюменской области в 2018-2019 гг. на трех группах кур, численностью от 6000 до 6085 голов. Выращивание, оценку курнесушек проводили в соответствии с руководством и нормативами по выращиванию родительского поколения Arbor Acres Plus и с разработанным на их основе и принятым на предприятии регламентом по технологии содержания родительского стада и взвешиванию птицы. Практика выращивания гибридного кросса производства «Arbor Acres Plus» показала, что в период роста наблюдается отчетливая дифференциация кур-несушек по массе тела. При этом выделяются быстрорастущие «крупные» особи, «мелкие» особи и особи «средние», занимающие промежуточное положение. В начале опыта на 18 неделе средняя масса кур «мелкие» была на 106 г меньше, чем у кур из группы «средние»; средняя масса кур из группы «средние» была меньше показателей группы «крупные» на 139 г, а различия между «крупными» и «мелкими» курами составили 245 г. Подобные различия сохранялись до 35-ой недели, впоследствии в значительной степени нивелировались. Различия между группами кур наблюдались также и в показателях яйценоскости, которые с увеличением возраста кур-несушек (31-33 недели) уменьшаются (количество яиц на несушку в неделю в среднем составило в группе «мелкие» 71,1%; «средние» – 72,8%; «крупные» – 74,4%). Для оценки генетического полиморфизма кур применяли метод ISSR-PCR. При этом было использовано семь праймеров: (AG)8G, (AG)8T, (CA)8G, (GT)8C, (AC)8T, (TC)8C, (TG)8A. По результатам установили, что экспериментальные группы кур-несушек различались как по частотам ISSR-бэндов, так и по средним показателям полиморфизма. Более высокие показатели доли полиморфных бэндов (Р), генетического разнообразия (h), наблюдаемого (nе) и эффективного числа аллелей (na) отмечены в группе кур-несушек «крупные», в то время как группы «средние» и «мелкие» имели более низкие показатели и достоверно не различались по уровню полиморфизма между собой. Более высокие показатели ISSR-полиморфизма, полученные в группе быстрорастущих («крупные») кур-несушек, могут быть маркером более высокого уровня генетического разнообразия этой группы в сравнении с курами двух других групп. Проведенные исследования показали, что ISSR-маркеры могут быть рекомендованы в качестве простого инструмента для мониторинга генетического разнообразия стад кур-несушек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Searching for biomarkers of high productivity in chickens is currently one of the relevant tasks facing poultry farming. Thus, the research was aimed at studying genetic traits of laying hens. The hens belonged to parental stock of the «Arbor Acres Plus» hybrid cross and varied according to the productivity abilities. The study was carried out in 2018-2019 at the PRODO Tyumen Broiler factory located in Tyumen, Tyumen region on three groups of chickens numbering from 6000 to 6085 bird units. Raising and evaluation of laying hens were carried out in accordance with the «Arbor Acres Plus» guidelines and standards for breeding of the parental generation and the regulations for the technology of the parent stoсk management and bird weighing which were developed on the basis of those guidelines and standards and adopted at the factory. The practice of raising the «Arbor Acres Plus» hybrid cross revealed a distinct differentiation of laying hens by body weight during the growth period. There were distinguished fast-growing «large» individuals, «small» individuals and «medium» individuals occupying an intermediate position. At the beginning of the experiment, during the 18th week of age the average mass of «small» chickens was 106 g less than that of chickens from the «medium» group. The average mass of chickens from the «medium» group was 139 g less than the indications in the «large» group, and the differences between the «large» and the «small» hens amounted to 245 g. Such differences remained until the 35th week, and then they leveled out substantially. The differences between groups of chickens were observed also in egg production rates, which decreased with increasing the age of laying hens (by 31-33 weeks). The amount of eggs per layer per week averaged out at 71.1 % for “small” hens, 72.8 % for the «medium», and 74.4 % for the «large» ones. To assess the genetic polymorphism of chickens the ISSR-PCR method was applied. Seven primers were used to study the genetic polymorphism of laying hens: (AG)8G, (AG)8T, (CA)8G, (GT)8C, (AC)8T, (TC)8C, (TG)8A. The experimental groups of laying hens differed both in the frequencies of ISSR bands and in the average indicators of polymorphism. Higher parameters of the proportion of polymorphic bands (P), genetic diversity (h), apparent (ne) and effective number of alleles (na) were observed in the group of «large» laying hens, while the «medium» and «small» groups had lower rates and did not significantly differ in the level of polymorphism among themselves. Higher rates of ISSR polymorphism observed in the group of fast-growing («large») laying hens could be a marker of a higher level of genetic diversity in this group compared to chickens from the other two groups. The conducted studies showed that ISSR markers can be recommended as a simple tool for monitoring the genetic diversity of stocks of laying hens.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>скорость роста</kwd><kwd>яйценоскость</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры</kwd><kwd>полимеразная цепная реакция</kwd><kwd>ISSR-бэнды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>growth rate</kwd><kwd>egg production</kwd><kwd>biomarkers</kwd><kwd>polymerase chain reaction (PCR)</kwd><kwd>ISSR bands</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке АО «ПРОДО Тюменский бройлер» и ФГАОУ ВО «Тюменский государственный университет».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was supported by PRODO Tyumen Broiler and Tyumen State University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boulton K., Nolan M. 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