agronaukaАграрная наука Евро-Северо-ВостокаAgricultural Science Euro-North-East2072-90812500-1396FARC North-East10.30766/2072-9081.2021.22.3.317-328agronauka-794Research ArticleОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИREVIEWСовременные подходы генетической идентификации породной принадлежности сельскохозяйственных животных (обзор)Modern approaches to the genetic identification of farm animal breeds (review)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0130-3639КриворучкоА. Ю.KrivoruchkoA. Y.

Криворучко Александр Юрьевич, доктор биол. наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории геномной селекции и репродуктивной криобиологии в животноводстве

ул. Никонова, 49, г. Михайловск, Ставропольский край, 356241

Alexander Y. Krivoruchko, DSc in Biology, chief researcher, the Laboratory of Genomic Selection and Reproductive Cryobiology in Animal Husbandry

Nikonov str., 49, Mikhailovsk, Stavropol Territory, 356241

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2193-7498СкоковаА. В.SkokovaA. V.

Скокова Антонина Владимировна, кандидат биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории геномной селекции и репродуктивной криобиологии в животноводстве

ул. Никонова, 49, г. Михайловск, Ставропольский край, 356241

Antonina V. Skokova, PhD in Biology, senior researcher, the Laboratory of Genomic Selection and Reproductive Cryobiology in Animal Husbandry

Nikonov str., 49, Mikhailovsk, Stavropol Territory, 356241

antoninaskokova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2730-2482ЯцыкО. А.YatsykO. A.

Яцык Олеся Андреевна, кандидат биол. наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории геномной селекции и репродуктивной криобиологии в животноводстве

ул. Никонова, 49, г. Михайловск, Ставропольский край, 356241

Olesya A. Yatsyk, PhD in Biology, researcher, the Laboratory of Genomic Selection and Reproductive Cryobiology in Animal Husbandry

Nikonov str., 49, Mikhailovsk, Stavropol Territory, 356241

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-4175КаниболоцкаяА. А.KanibolotskayaA. A.

Каниболоцкая Анастасия Александровна, кандидат биол. наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории геномной селекции и репродуктивной криобиологии в животноводстве

ул. Никонова, 49, г. Михайловск, Ставропольский край, 356241

Anastasia A. Kanibolotskaya, PhD in Biology, researcher, the Laboratory of Genomic Selection and Reproductive Cryobiology in Animal Husbandry

Nikonov str., 49, Mikhailovsk, Stavropol Territory, 356241

ФГБНУ «Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр»РоссияNorth-Caucasus Federal Scientific Agricultural CenterRussian Federation202122062021223317328Copyright © Криворучко А.Ю., Скокова А.В., Яцык О.А., Каниболоцкая А.А., 20212021Криворучко А.Ю., Скокова А.В., Яцык О.А., Каниболоцкая А.А.Krivoruchko A.Y., Skokova A.V., Yatsyk O.A., Kanibolotskaya A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/794

Для дальнейшего совершенствования породных качеств сельскохозяйственных животных необходима селекция, базирующаяся на достоверной информации о принадлежности животных к той или иной породе, что является залогом качественной селекционной работы. В связи с этим возникает необходимость поиска новых методов надежной идентификации породной принадлежности животных. В статье приведен анализ методов, основанных на достижениях современной генетики, которые используются для получения более точной информации при определении породной принадлежности животных. Дано краткое описание методов определения видовой и породной идентификации животных на основе молекулярных маркеров ДНК. Анализируются методы, основанные на изучении полиморфизма митохондриальной ДНК и микросателлитов. Особое внимание в настоящем обзоре уделено послед-ним наиболее перспективным достижениям в области высокопроизводительных технологий генотипирования, основанных на полиморфизме единичных нуклеотидов (SNP). Анализ литературных источников показал, что каждая порода сельскохозяйственных животных характеризуется своей уникальной генетической структурой, что позволит дать объективный результат при определении породной принадлежности.

To improve the breed characters of farm animals, there is the need for breeding based on reliable information about the particular breed of animals, which is the key to high-quality breeding work. In this regard, there is a need to search for new methods of reliable identification of the breed of animals. The article presents an analysis of methods based on the achievements of modern genetics, which are used to obtain more accurate information when determining the breed of ani-mals. A brief description of methods for determining the species and breed identification of animals based on molecular DNA markers is given. Methods based on the study of polymorphism of mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites are analyzed. Spe-cial attention in this review is paid to the latest and most promising achievements in the field of high-performance genotyping technologies based on single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). The analysis of the literature sources has shown that each breed of farm animals is characterized by its unique genetic structure, which should provide an objective result when deter-mining the breed of the animal.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.