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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2021.22.6.804-825</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-897</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фитобиотики в мировой практике: виды растений и действующие вещества, эффективность и ограничения, перспективы (обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phytobiotics in world practice: plant species and active substances, efficiency and limitations, perspectives (review)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-7260</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофеев Николай Петрович, кандидат биол. наук, заведующий лабораторией интродукции и биосинтеза экдистероидов</p><p>Ленина пр-т, д. 47а, г. Коряжма, 165650</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay P. Timofeev, PhD in Biology, Head of the Laboratory of Introduction and Biosynthesis of Ecdysteroids</p><p>Lenin Avenue, 47а, Koryazhma, 165650</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sciens@leuzea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Крестьянское хозяйство БИО (Научно-производственное предприятие)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific-Production Enterprise Farm "BIO"</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>804</fpage><lpage>825</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тимофеев Н.П., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тимофеев Н.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Timofeev N.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/897">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/897</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре рассмотрены исторические предпосылки внедрения и состояние использования (на 2021 год) фитогенных субстанций в качестве стимуляторов роста и продуктивности сельскохозяйственных животных. Подробно проанализированы основные аспекты применения фитобиотиков: 1) механизмы действия; 2) отличие фитобиотиков от лекарственных ветеринарных препаратов; 3) видовой ассортимент используемых растений и действующие вещества; 4) производственная эффективность. Рассмотрены ограничения и недостатки в применении существующих фитобиотиков: они не имеют прямого анаболического эффекта и не работают при сильном стрессе, а при сочетании негативных факторов не удается преодолеть отрицательный эффект. Кроме того, возникают проблемы по их безопасности. Другие ограничения – состав фитобиотиков варьируется в широких пределах, стандартизации по действующим веществам нет, а при попытках ее провести выявляется цитотоксичность в очень малых дозировках этих соединений (эфирные масла, сапонины, изохинолиновые алкалоиды). В перспективе дальнейших изысканий предлагаются уникальные растительные источники из России, отсутствующие за рубежом и содержащие в качестве биологически активных компонентов экдистероиды, недоступные в массово применяющихся в настоящее время фитогенных субстанциях. Отличительные свойства фитоэкдистероидов и главного их представителя экдистерона: кормовые добавки с ними снимают сильный стресс, чего не могут делать обычные фитобиотики; имеют прямой анаболический эффект; оказывают плейотропный (множественный) эффект действия. Их применение в животноводстве не вызывает опасений, так как они относятся к безопасным веществам. Возможно сочетание таких субстанций с другими противомикробными средствами – с целью улучшения биодоступности и пролонгации действия активного вещества экдистерона.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the review the historical preconditions for implementation and the state of use (for 2021) of phytogenic substances as growth and productivity stimulators of farm animals are considered. The main aspects of phytobiotics use have been analyzed in detail: 1) mechanisms of action; 2) distinction between phytobiotics and veterinary medicines; 3) species range of the plants used and their active substances; 4) productive efficiency. The following limitations and disadvantages in the use of existing phytobiotics are considered: they do not have a direct anabolic effect and are useless under severe stress, and by the combination of bad factors the negative effect cannot be overcome. In addition, there are problems with their safety. Other limitations - the composition of phytobiotics varies widely, there is no standardization for active substances, and attempts to do this reveal cytoxicity in very small dosages of these compounds (essential oils, saponins, isoquinoline alkaloids). In the prospect of further studies, unique plant sources from Russia are proposed, which are absent abroad and contain ecdysteroids as biologically active components, not available in the phytogenic substances widely used now. Distinctive properties of phytoecdysteroids and ecdysterone as their main representative are as follows: feed additives containing them relieve severe stress, conventional phytobiotics do not have such an effect; have direct anabolic effect; have pleiotropic (multiple) effect. Their use in livestock breeding does not cause fears, as they are safe substances. It is possible to combine such substances with other antimicrobial agents in order to improve bioavailability and prolong the action of the active ingredient of ecdysterone</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полифенолы</kwd><kwd>сапонины</kwd><kwd>алкалоиды изохи нолиновые</kwd><kwd>экдистероиды</kwd><kwd>производственная эффективность</kwd><kwd>токсичность и безопасность</kwd><kwd>перспективные вещества и растения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polyphenols</kwd><kwd>saponins</kwd><kwd>isoquinoline alkaloids</kwd><kwd>ecdysteroids</kwd><kwd>production efficiency</kwd><kwd>toxicity and safety</kwd><kwd>promising substances and plants</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена без финансового обеспечения в рамках инициативной тематики. 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