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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">agronauka</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agricultural Science Euro-North-East</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2072-9081</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-1396</issn><publisher><publisher-name>FARC North-East</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30766/2072-9081.2022.23.1.110-116</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">agronauka-944</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ: МЕХАНИЗАЦИЯ, ЭЛЕКТРИФИКАЦИЯ, АВТОМАТИЗАЦИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ОRIGINAL SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES: MECHANIZATION, ELECTRIFICATION, AUTOMATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Устойчивое развитие экологических и энергетических аспектов ферментации метана на семейных фермах в Польше</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Sustainable development of environment and energy aspects of methane fermentation on family farms in Poland</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барвицкий</surname><given-names>Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barwicki</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат техн. наук, профессор</p><p>Раковецка 32, Варшава, Польша, 02-532 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> PhD in Engineering, professor</p><p>Rakowiecka 32, Warszawa, Poland, 02-532 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Марчук</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Marczuk</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор техн. наук, профессор, проректор, заведующий кафедрой сельскохозяйственных, лесных и транспортных машин, факультет техники производства</p><p>Głęboka 28, Люблин, Польша, 20-950</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> DSc in Engineering, full professor, vice-rector, head of the Department, Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Transport Machines, Faculty of  Production Engineering</p><p>Głęboka 28, Lublin, Poland, 20-950 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrzej.marczuk@up.lublin.pl</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гураль</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Góral</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> доктор техн. наук, кафедра биологических основ пищевых и кормовых технологий, факультет техники производства</p><p>Głęboka 28, Люблин, Польша, 20-950 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> PhD in Engineering, associate professor, Department of Biological Bases of Food and Feed Technologies, Faculty of Production Engineering </p><p>Głęboka 28, Lublin, Poland, 20-950 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гураль-Ковальчик</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Góral-Kowalczyk</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> кандидат техн. наук, кафедра сельскохозяйственных, лесных и транспортных машин, факультет техники производства</p><p>Głęboka 28, Люблин, Польша, 20-950 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> PhD in Engineering, Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Transport Machines, Faculty of Production Engineering </p><p>Głęboka 28, Lublin, Poland, 20-950 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назаревич</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarewicz</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> магистр наук, кафедра сельскохозяйственных, лесных и транспортных машин, факультет техники производства</p><p>Głęboka 28, Люблин, Польша, 20-950 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> MSc, Department of Agricultural, Forestry and Transport Machines, Faculty of Production Engineering </p><p>Głęboka 28, Lublin, Poland, 20-950 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт технологии и наук о жизни, филиал в Варшаве</institution><country>Польша</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Technology and Life Sciences in Falenty, Branch in Warsaw</institution><country>Poland</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет естественных наук в Люблине</institution><country>Польша</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Life Sciences in Lublin</institution><country>Poland</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Барвицкий Я., Марчук А., Гураль Д., Гураль-Ковальчик М., Назаревич С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Барвицкий Я., Марчук А., Гураль Д., Гураль-Ковальчик М., Назаревич С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Barwicki J., Marczuk A., Góral D., Góral-Kowalczyk M., Nazarewicz S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/944">https://www.agronauka-sv.ru/jour/article/view/944</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – изучить возможность утилизации вредных отходов в сельской местности для получения экологической энергии. Производство биогаза актуально с точки зрения охраны окружающей среды, особенно в случае перепроизводства отходов животноводства. Использование энергии, полученной из сельскохозяйственных отходов, приводит к диверсификации и росту доходов семейных ферм. Помимо энергетических и экологических выгод при утилизации отходов можно получить очень ценное удобрение, которое легко усваивается растениями. Экспериментальные исследования проводили с целью изучения влияния процесса перемешивания отходов свинарников и птичников на параметры ферментации метана: температуру внутри ферментационной камеры, рН ферментированного материала, окислительно-восстановительный потенциал и соотношение углерода к азоту (C:N). Для ферментации отходов в камере обеспечивали постоянную температуру 37 °C. После добавления свежего субстрата в реактор температура сырья снижалась на 1,0-1,5 °C в зависимости от расположения в резервуаре, и производство биогаза сокращалось. Процесс перемешивания положительно влиял на однородность распределения материала по всему объему реактора, при этом увеличивалось производство биогаза. Наилучшие результаты получены при значении рН 7,0. Результаты исследований, полученные при испытании биогазовой установки, состоящей из двух биореакторов общим объемом 410 м3, показали, что можно получить электрическую энергию стоимостью 34,52 € МВт-ч-1 и тепловую энергию стоимостью 62,54 € МВт-ч-1. При этом стоимость производства электроэнергии на профессиональной электростанции на основе бурого угля составляет 76,23 €МВт-ч-1. Произведенная энергия использовалась для деятельности фермы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The goal of these study was to present results of investigation concerning possibilities of utilization of harmful wastes in countryside area to produce ecological energy. Biogas production can be important from the point of view of environment protection especially in case of overproduction of animal wastes. Production and utilization of energy from agriculture residues gives a great chance for diversification and grows of income for family farms. Besides energetic and environment gains, we can obtain very valuable fertilizer, which is easy absorbed by plants in field crop production. The experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of mixing process on the parameters of methane fermentation process. Temperature inside fermentation chamber, pH of fermented material, redox potential and carbon to nitrogen ratio (C:N) were investigated. Utilize wastes from pig and poultry houses were used for the study. Digestion in a chamber was provided at constant temperature of 37 °C. After adding fresh substrate to the digester, the temperature of the raw material decreased by 1,0-1.5 °C depending on the location in the tank. Also, it was observed that biogas production decreased. The mixing process had a positive effect on the homogeneity of the material throughout the digester volume. The best results for biogas production were obtained when the pH value was 7.0. Research results obtained from tested biogas installation show, that from two bio reactors at total capacity of 410 m3 we can get electrical energy at cost of 34,52 € MWh-1 and thermal energy at cost of 62,54 €×MWh-1. While the cost of producing electricity in a professional power plant based on lignite was 76.23 €MWh-1. The energy produced was used for the operational activities of the farm.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биогаз</kwd><kwd>возобновляемая энергетика</kwd><kwd>навоз</kwd><kwd>охрана окружающей среды</kwd><kwd>экономика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biogas</kwd><kwd>renewable energy</kwd><kwd>manure</kwd><kwd>environment protection</kwd><kwd>economy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Czatzkowska M., Harnisz M., Korzeniewska E., Koniuszewska I. Inhibitors of the methane fermentation process with particular emphasis on the microbiological aspect: A review. Energy Science and Engineering. 2020;8(5):1880-1897. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.609</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Czatzkowska M., Harnisz M., Korzeniewska E., Koniuszewska I. 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