Scientific support for the development of environmentally safed systems of manure utilization

Abstract

It is known that all of manure utilization systems have a negative impact on the environment. The factors of negative influence of enterprises on livestock products’ performance are divided into two groups: dependent and independent on the applied technological and technical solutions. The first is due to physiological characteristics of animals' life and is poor correctable; the second is depended on the applied technologies and technical tools and allows to influence the environmental pollution’s degree. The economic losses only from the manure fertilizer resources incomplete use are reached 165.0 billion rubles including: 35.0-40.0 bn rubles because of a crop shortage; 14.5-15.0 bn rubles due to the CO₂ emission; 39.7- 84.5 bn rubles because of the unused manure placement. The important point of manure fertilizer resources’ inefficient use is soil fertility declining. So the losses of humus in Russian soils reach 30%, and the damage for losses of different types of soil is estimated from 81.4 till 739.2 thousand rubles/ha. The way out of this situation is possible through the creation of a mechanism of financial interest’s establishment as to of livestock products’ producers in the manure waste disposal as the state subsidy in the amount of the level determined by the soil fertility changing rate. Normative document like this may be based on the integrated techno-economic evaluation of manure utilization systems’ methodology that takes into account all costs, beginning with the livestock buildings’ manure cleaning system establishment till benefit from the livestock enterprises organic fertilizers’ using.