Применение искусственного интеллекта в сельском хозяйстве Китая (обзор)

В последние годы наблюдаются значительные прорывы в развитии технологий с применением искусственного интеллекта (ИИ), кардинальным образом влияющих на самые разнообразные сферы жизни и деятельности человека.  В данной обзорной статье в качестве объекта исследования рассматривается использование ИИ в сельском  хозяйстве на примере Китая, который является лидером в темпах внедрения ИИ в национальную экономику и стремится перехватить у США общее лидерство в разработках ИИ-технологий. Благодаря активной работе в этом направлении и значительным финансовым вложениям в данную область, Китаю удалось существенно трансформировать свой сельскохозяйственный сектор. Цель статьи – анализ современных тенденций и возможностей, которые дает применение ИИ в аграрном секторе экономики КНР. Для этого рассмотрены трудности, с которыми сталкивается Китай при развитии сельского хозяйства, а также основные, известные на сегодняшний день направления применения ИИ в сельском хозяйстве и виды используемых технологий. Обобщена информация о китайских компаниях, применяющих ИИ-технологии в сельском хозяйстве, включая их специализацию, используемые технологии и извлекаемые преимущества. Предварительные данные показали, что ИИ используется,  в первую очередь, для повышения производительности труда и эффективности производства, а, во вторую очередь, для решения проблем нехватки рабочей силы и достижения устойчивости производства. Анализ ситуации позволяет сделать вывод о том, что ИИ может стать главной движущей силой развития сельского хозяйства.

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