The influence of the plant growth regulator Biosil on the productivity of spring barley on dark gray soil in the Central region of the Russian Federation

The effectiveness of using the biological growth regulator Biosil (100 g/l of a mixture of triterpenic acids) with a consumption rate of 0.02 l/ha was studied in crops of ‘Yaromir’ spring barley (2021-2023) in the Ryazan region (Non-Black Earth zone of the Central Region of the Russian Federation) on dark gray soil of average fertility. The scheme of the field experiment: 1) control (without treatment); 2) single spraying of crops with a Biosil growth regulator in the "tillering" phase; 3) double – in the "tillering", "shooting" phases; 4) triple – in the "tillering", "shooting", "flag leaf emergence" phases. It was revealed that the yield value depended on the number of plants preserved for harvesting (r = 0.709). The maximum indicators of plant safety before harvesting (76.2 %) were recorded in the variant with three-fold spraying of plants, the minimum (58.9 %) – in the control variant. It was found that the treatment of Biosil crops in all experimental variants contributed to a statistically significant increase in the yield of spring barley grain in comparison with the control from 11.4 % (single spraying) to 20.7 % (triple spraying). A significant contribution to the formation of biometric elements was revealed: the length of the ear (r = 0.503), the number of grains in the ear (r = 0.830), the weight of grain from the ear (r = 0.746) and the weight of 1000 grains (r = 0.996). The greatest accumulation of protein (13.3 %) was due to single spraying of crops in the "tillering" phase, the least (12.6 %) was due to triple spraying. When calculating economic efficiency, it was found that the maximum indicators of conditional net income and profitability (74.8 %) were achieved with a single application of the Biosil growth regulator in the "tillering" phase with a yield of ‘Yaromir’ barley of 7.78 t/ha.

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