Collected hop varieties to the conditions of the central part of the Volga-Vyatka region

Abstract

Chuvash Research Institute of Agriculture has the only collection of world hop cultivars in Russia, which is a source of genetic material for breeding work. The purpose of the research is to identify the collection cultivars of common hop that are most adapted to the conditions of the Chuvash Republic (the central part of the Volga-Vyatka region) according to the yield of hop cones and the content of alpha acids in them. The article presents the results of 2022–2024 research. The adaptability of hop accessions was assessed by the coefficients of adaptivity (KA) and variation (CV). It was revealed that out of 240 accessions of hop collection, 70 samples exceeded the corresponding ripeness groups by the average yield and 33 samples – by the alpha acid content. According to the yield, ‘Yugoslavskiy krasnostebelny’ , ‘Forvard’ and ‘Galinskiy’ stood out among the early–ripening cultivars (2.22–2.58 t/ha; KA – 130.5–149.3 %), among the medium-late – ‘Marynka’ cultivar (2.92 t/ha; KA = 155.4 %), among the late-ripening – 18 samples including ‘Frisku’, ‘Hallertau Magnum’, ‘Atlas’, ‘Eurhop’, ‘Amerikanskiy’, ‘Petham Goling’ and OZ-79 (2.61–2.79 t/ha; KA˃ 130 %). According to the alpha acid content in hop cones (5.4–7.5 %), many cultivars were characterized by KA˃150 %. According to the complex of traits, 9 adaptive hop samples were identified, in which, during three years of testing, the coefficient of adaptivity exceeded 100 % in terms of both the yield and the amount of alpha acid in cones: mid-early – ‘Karlik 72’ and ‘Fakir’ (Russia), mid-ripe – ‘Flagman’ (Russia), ‘Spolechny’ (Ukraine), ‘Willamette’ (USA), ‘Shpaltsky’ (Germany), ‘Early Bird’ (England), late-ripening ‘Northern Brewer’ and ‘Braustern’ (Germany). These cultivars can be used as an excellent genetic material for breeding work.