Species composition of Fusarium fungi parasitizing spring wheat grain in the Krasnoyarsk Territory

The species composition of Fusarium fungi at the present stage, which are parasitic on spring wheat harvested in 2022–2024, grown in Sukhobuzimsky, Krasnoturansky and Dzerzhinsky districts of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, has been studied and clarified. The prevalence of internal infection in the areas studied averaged 72 % over the years of the research. Mycological analysis showed the prevalence of phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium from 6 to 13 % on average across territories and over the years of the research, with the highest figure recorded for the Sukhobuzimsky district in 2022 – 21 %. Three complexes of the genus Fusarium fungal species have been identified: FSAMSC (Fusarium sambu-cinum), which includes F. poae, F. culmorum, F. sporotrichioides; FTSC (Fusarium tricinctum), represented by F. tricinctum, F. avenaceum, F. acuminatum, etc.; and FIESC (Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti), which unites F. incarnatum, F. equiseti, and related forms. Among the identified isolates of Fusarium fungi, Fusarium sporotrichioides Sherb. occupies the largest share in the structure of fusarium causative agents in spring wheat grains. The dominant species complex is FSAMSC (75.0–76.9 %), followed by FTSC (20.5–21.0 %) and FIES (2.5–41.0 %) in terms of prevalence. In 2024, there was an increase in the share of FTSC and FIESC complexes compared to 2022 and 2023. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in the prevalence of FTSC and FIESC complexes between districts were noted for the entire study period (2022–2024). The results obtained emphasize the need for regular monitoring of the phytosanitary condition of spring wheat crops and the development of differentiated protection measures, considering the spatial and temporal dynamics of the spread of Fusarium fungi.

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