The effect of light-gray forest soil tilling systems on the yield and quality of oat grain in the Nizhny Novgorod region
https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.5.580-588
Abstract
The research was conducted in the Nizhny Novgorod region in 2019 on light gray forest soil in the pea-oat crop rotation link. Studied was the effect of soil tillage systems (traditional mouldboard tillage with mouldboard plow; non- mouldboard "deep" tillage with boardless plow; non-mouldboard surface tillage with a Pottinger Synkro 5030 K chisel cultivator; minimal tillage with a disc harrow Discover XM 44660 nothad; zero tillage (No-till) with a Sunflower 9421-20 seeder) and the influence of mineral fertilizers (N60P60K60 kg a. i.) and straw destructors (ammonia saltpeter in a dose of N10 kg. a.i. per 1 ton of straw and Stimix ® Niva biologics, 2 l/ha) on changes in the yield and quality of Yakov variety oat grain. The traditional system of soil tillage provided the yield of oat of 4.82 t/ha when using mineral fertilizers in a dose of N60P60K60 together with ammonium nitrate as a straw destructor, which was 1.04 t/ha (LSD05 =0.72) higher than the best result in terms of the yield of this crop obtained when it was cultivated using the No-till technology with the Stimix@Niva biological product on the background of N60P60K60 (3.78 t/ha) . Use of the studied straw destructors is more effective for the N60P60K60 background than for the non-fertilized background for all the studied soil tillage systems. When growing oat using No-till technology, the largest mass of 1000 grains was obtained when using ammonium nitrate - 46.5 g compared to other studied variants of using fertilizers and biologics (40.8-43.9 g, LSD05 =1.1). Due to the unfavorable weather conditions of the growing season in 2019, the indicators of oat grain-unit were low. The lowest average grain-unit was found in oat cultivated using zero technology - 228.4 g/l, which is 16.2-18.4 g/l (LSD05 - 3.0) lower than this indicator of grain quality when cultivated according to the rest of the studied tillage systems (244.6-246.8 g/l).
Supporting agencies: the research was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. Rudnitsky (theme № 0528-2019-0091).
About the Authors
A. V. Ivenin
Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. Rudnitsky
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexey V. Ivenin, DSc in Agricultural science, associate professor, senior researcher, Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Agriculture
38, Kstovo district, Nizhny Novgorod region, 607686
A. P. Sakov
Federal Agricultural Research Center of the North-East named N. V. Rudnitsky
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexander P. Sakov, PhD in Agricultural science, Director, Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Agriculture
38, Kstovo district, Nizhny Novgorod region, 607686
References
1. Batalova G. A. Oves v Volgo-Vyatskom regione: monografiya. [Oat in the Volga-Vyatka region: monograph]. Kirov, 2013. 288 p.
2. Kozlova L. M., Popov F. A., Noskova E. N., Ivanov V. L. Uluch-shennaya resursosberegayushchaya tekhnologiya obrabotki pochvy i primeneniya biopreparatov pod yarovye zernovye kul'tury v usloviyakh tsentral'noy zony Severo-Vostoka evropeyskoy chasti Rossii. [Improved resource-saving technology of soil cultivation and use of bio-preparations for spring cereals crops under conditions of central zone of North-East of european part of Russia]. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka = Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2017;(3(58)):43-48. (In Russ.). URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=29184741
3. Kozlova L. M., Popov F. A., Noskova E. N., Denisova A. V. Primenenie osnovnykh elementov resursosberegayushchikh ekologicheski bezopasnykh tekhnologiy pri vyrashchivanii yarovykh zernofurazhnykh kul'tur v tsentral'noy zone Severo-Vostoka evropeyskoy chasti Rossii. [Application of the main elements of resource-saving environmentally safe technologies for growing spring grain crops in the Central zone of the North-East of the European part of Russia]. Problemy intensifikatsii zhivotnovodstva s uchetom okhrany okruzhayushchey sredy i proizvodstva al'ternativnykh istochnikov energii, v tom chisle biogaza: sb. statey. [Problems of intensification of animal husbandry taking into account environmental protection and production of alternative energy sources, including biogas: collection of articles]. Varshava: Institut tekhnologicheskikh i estestvennykh nauk v Falentakh, 2018. pp. 67-74.
4. Ivenin V. V., Mikhalev E. V., Krivenkov V. A. Effektivnost' vozdelyvaniya pshenitsy yarovoy na fone polnogo mineral'nogo udobreniya pri vnedrenii resursosberegayushchey tekhnologii No-till v zernotravyanom sevooborote na svetlo-serykh lesnykh pochvakh Nizhegorodskoy oblasti. [Efficiency of spring wheat cultivation on the background of full mineral fertilizer with the introduction of resource-savin No-till technology in grain-grass crop rotation on light gray forest soils of nizhny Novgorod region]. Agrarnaya nauka = Agrarian science. 2017;(11-12):22-24. (In Russ.). URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=32329619
5. Ivenin V. V., Ivenin A. V., Shubina K. V., Mineeva N. A. Sravnitel'naya effektivnost' tekhnologiy vozdelyvaniya zernovykh kul'tur v zvene sevooborota na svetlo-serykh lesnykh pochvakh Volgo-Vyatskogo regiona. [Comparative efficiency of technologies of cultivation of grain crops in the crop rotation link on light grey forest soils of the Volga-Vyatka region]. Vestnik Chuvashskoy gosudarstvennoy sel'skokhozyaystvennoy akademii = Vestnik Chuvash State Agricultural Academy. 2018;(3(6)):27-31. (In Russ.). URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=36759589
6. Antonov V. G., Ermolaev A. P. Effektivnost' dlitel'nogo primeneniya minimal'nykh sposobov obrabotki pochvy v sevooborotakh. [The efficiency of continuous application of minimum soil tillage methods in crop rotations]. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka = Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2018;(4 (65)):87-92. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2018.65.4.87-92
7. Karabutov A. P., Solovichenko V. D., Nikitin V. V., Navol'neva E. V. Vosproizvodstvo plodorodiya pochv, produktivnost' i energeticheskaya effektivnost' sevooborotov. [Reproduction of soil fertility, productivity and energy efficiency of crop rotations]. Zemledelie. 2019;(2):3–7. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.24411/0044-3913-2019-10201
8. Pegova N. A., Kholzakov V. M. Resursosberegayushchaya sistema obrabotki dernovo-podzolistoy pochvy. [Resource-saving tillage system of sod-podzolic soils]. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka = Agricultural Science EuroNorth-East. 2015;(1(44)):35-40. (In Russ.). URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=22856649
9. Snigireva O. M., Vedernikov Yu. E. Vliyanie srokov seva i uborki na urozhaynost' i posevnye kachestva semyan yarovogo ovsa Sapsan. [Influence of sowing and harvesting time on productivity and sowing qualities of spring oat sapsan seeds]. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka = Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2019;20(3):230-237. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.3.230-237
10. Gostev A. V. Usloviya formirovaniya zerna vysokogo kachestva v vysokoproduktivnykh resursosberegayushchikh agrotekhnologiyakh TsChR. [Conditions for the formation of high-quality grain in highly productive resource-saving agricultural technologies in Central Chernozem region]. Zemledelie. 2019;(6):16-20. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.24411/0044-3913-2019-10604
11. Dridiger V. K., Stukalov R. S., Gadzhiumarov R. G., Vaytsekhovskaya S. S. Vliyanie sevooborota na effektivnost' ispol'zovaniya pashni pri vozdelyvanii polevykh kul'tur bez obrabotki pochvy. [Influence of crop rotation on the efficiency of arable land use at the cultivation of field crops without soil tillage]. Zemledelie. 2019;(6):28-32. (In Russ.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.24411/0044-3913-2019-10607
Review
For citations:
Ivenin A.V., Sakov A.P. The effect of light-gray forest soil tilling systems on the yield and quality of oat grain in the Nizhny Novgorod region. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2020;21(5):580-588. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.5.580-588
Views:
862
Email this article 