Disequilibrium linkage (gametic disequilibrium) of structural genes in the bovine population
https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2021.22.3.401-408
Abstract
In the population of Kholmogor cattle (n=824), gametic disequilibrium was studied for alleles of the polymorphic loci β-Lg (LGB), β-Cn (CSN2) and æ-Cn (CSN3). In purebred Kholmogor cattle, the β-casein polymorphism is determined by three alleles with the frequencies of CSN2А 1 – 0.368±0.0076, CSN2А 2 – 0.497±0.0078, CSN2B – 0.136±0.0056 and the frequencies of acasein of CSN3А – 0.689 ±0.0061, CSN3B – 0.311±0.0061, respectively. The beta-lactoglobulin polymorphism is controlled by two alleles LGBA and LGBB with a frequency of 0.237±0.0048 and 0.763±0.0048, respectively. In the population of breeding plants, the gametic disequilibrium was revealed according to the alleles of loci CSN2 and LGB; CSN2 and CSN3. The factor that caused the gametic disequilibrium was probably the initial difference between native Russian cattle and black-and-white cattle of Western Europe on the basis of which the Kholmogor breed gene pool was developed. The population showed an excess of haplotypes β-CnВæ-CnВ, β-CnВβ-LgВ (the "attraction" phase), apparently inherited mainly from native Russian cattle, and β-CnА 1æ-CnА, β-CnА 2β-LgА characteristic mainly for black-and-white cattle of Western Europe and a lack of β-CnВæ-CnА, β-CnВβ-LgА (the "repulsion" phase), probably due to the low frequency of these haplotypes in both initial breeds. The role of various factors in the occurrence and maintenance of gamete disequilibrium is discussed. It is suggested that for alleles of non-linked loci, longtime retention of gametic disequilibrium in population is most likely supported by selection
Supporting agencies: The research was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment № 0412-2019-0051 (theme No. АААА-А20-120022790009-4). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.
About the Authors
V. S. Matyukov
A. V. Zhuravsky Institute of Agro-Biotechnologies of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Valery S. Matyukov, PhD in Biology, leading researcher, the Laboratory of Genomics
27, st. Rucheinaya, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, 167023
V. G. Zainullin
A. V. Zhuravsky Institute of Agro-Biotechnologies of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir G. Zainullin, leading researcher, the Laboratory of Genetics
27, st. Rucheinaya, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, 167023
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For citations:
Matyukov V.S., Zainullin V.G. Disequilibrium linkage (gametic disequilibrium) of structural genes in the bovine population. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2021;22(3):401-408. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2021.22.3.401-408
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