Effect of mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat varieties in the conditions of the Central Non-Chernozem Region
https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2022.23.2.239-247
Abstract
The studies were carried out in order to identify the responsiveness of five varieties of spring wheat to the variants with applying mineral fertilizers and to study the specific features of the formation of elements of the yield structure. The work was carried out in 2019-2021 on dark gray forest heavy loamy soil in the Ryazan region. The experiment scheme was: N0P0K0 (control); N64P64K64; N64P64K64 + N30; N64P64K64 + N30+ N15. Over the years of the research, the yield in the experiment varied from 2.45 to 5.57 t/ha, depending on the growing conditions, mineral fertilizers and variety. The use of the mineral background N64P64K64 contributed to a significant increase in the productivity of varieties by 1.02-1.69 t/ha. The most responsive to the improvement of the background of mineral nutrition were varieties Maestro, Arsey and Agata, the yield increased by 48, 42 and 39 %, respectively, in comparison with the control. All varieties, with the exception of Maestro, reacted positively to nitrogen fertilization in the tillering phase (N30), increasing the yield by 0.48-0.62 t/ha. The supplementary nitrogen of RIMA, Lada, and Agata varieties was used in the best way; the addition of N64P64K64 to the background was 15, 12, and 11 %, respectively. It was revealed that under the influence of additional nitrogen (N30) in varieties, the plant stand increased by 7.3-11.2 %, the number of spikelets – by 1.3-4.7 %, the number of grains ‒ by 0.3-12.3 %, grain weight per ear ‒ by 0.9-21.4 %. The use of the second fertilizing with nitrogen in the booting phase (N15) led to a decrease in productivity, especially in Lada and Arsey varieties ‒ by 7.9-9.5 %. Variety Maestro proved to be indifferent to nitrogen fertilizing. The data obtained will be used in the adjustment of varietal technologies for the cultivation of spring wheat.
Keywords
Triticum aestivum L.,
nitrogen fertilizer,
elements of technology,
productivity,
yield structure,
yield increase
Supporting agencies: The research was carried out under the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation within the state assignment of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM (theme FGUN-2022-0013).
About the Authors
T. A. Barkovskaya
Institute of Seed Production and Agrotechnologies − branch of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
senior researcher, the Department of Breeding,
st. Parkovaya, 1, s. Podvyazye, Ryazan Region, 390502
O. V. Gladysheva
Institute of Seed Production and Agrotechnologies − branch of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD in Agricultural Science, director, the Department of Breeding,
st. Parkovaya, 1, s. Podvyazye, Ryazan Region, 390502
V. G. Kokoreva
Institute of Seed Production and Agrotechnologies − branch of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
junior researcher,
st. Parkovaya, 1, s. Podvyazye, Ryazan Region, 390502
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Review
For citations:
Barkovskaya T.A., Gladysheva O.V., Kokoreva V.G. Effect of mineral fertilizers on the yield of spring wheat varieties in the conditions of the Central Non-Chernozem Region. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2022;23(2):239-247. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2022.23.2.239-247
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