Variability of fiber content in the stems of different varieties of fiber flax

   The analysis of experimental data on the evaluation of seed lots of fiber flax of domestic varieties for genetic uniformity by the method of soil control according to the trait "fiber content in the stem" for the period from 1953 to 2022 was carried out. Seed material for evaluation was obtained from breeding and seed-growing institutions in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.

   The purpose of the research was to assess the level of variability of the trait "fiber content in the stems" of fiber flax and the effectiveness of domestic breeding in this direction for 70 years.

   Using the Svetoch variety as an example, it was shown that the differences between seed lots (from 4 to 11 lots of various scientific institutions were estimated annually) based on the results of 13 years of testing ranged from 0.4 to 2.5 abs. percent within one year, the coefficient of variation was from 0.52 to 3.14 %, which indicated the high stability of this trait. At the same time, the value of the trait in this variety, depending on the growing conditions for the period from 1953 to 1972 ranged from 27.9 to 35.4 %, the coefficient of variation on average over 20 years was 6.8 %, the average value of the trait was 31.7 %. In variety Tomsky 18, for the period of testing from 1993 to 2022, the value of the trait was in the range from 25.5 to 35.0 % (Cv = 8.4 %). The biological potential of modern varieties of fiber flax – Krom, A-29, Diplomat, Cesar, Visit and Tomsky 17 made it possible to obtain a fiber content in the stem in some years at the level of 38.1...39.8 %, with an average value of the trait – 32.8…35.2 % (Cv = 9.6…14.9 %). The highest and most stable fiber content in the stem of 36 studied modern domestic varieties of fiber flax was found in Sursky variety, in which the value of the trait on average over the years of testing was 34.5 %, the coefficient of variation was 6.4 %, which indicated a high level of adaptability.

1. Goudenhooft C., Bourmaud A., Baley C. Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Fibers for Composite Reinforcement: Exploring the Link Between Plant Growth, Cell Walls Development, and Fiber Properties. Frontiers in Plant Science. Section Plant Biophysics and Modeling. 2019;10:411. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00411

2. Rozhmina T. A., Pavlova L. N., Ponazhev V. P., Zakharova L. M. Linen industry on the way to revival. Zashchita i karantin rasteniy. 2018;(1):3-8. (In Russ.). URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=32368923

3. Koshcheeva N. S., Batalova G. A., Lyskova I. V., Kraeva S. N. Results of study of long-fiber flax’s collection material by the parameters of economically valuable traits. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka = Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2018;64(3):39-43. (In Russ.). doi: 10.30766/2072-9081.2018.64.3.39-43

4. Pickering K. L., Efendy M. G. A., Le T. M. A review of recent developments in natural fiber composites and their mechanical performance. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing. 2016;83:98-112. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.08.038

5. Ponazhev V. P., Yanyshina A. A. Methods of development of new seeds of fiber flax and effectiveness of their use in seed production. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK = Achievements of Science and Technology of AICis. 2019;33(9):39-43. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24411/0235-2451-2019-10908

6. Yanyshina A. A., Ponazhev V. P., Fomina M. A. Condition of high-quality features of initial fibre flax seeds in primary seed breeding of research institutions of the Russian Federation. Vladimirskiy zemledelets = Vladimir agricolist. 2019;(3(89)):32-35. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24411/2225-2584-2019-10078

7. Ponazhev V. P., Rozhmina T. A., Pavlova L. N., Tikhomirova V. Ya., Pozdnyakov B. Ya., Sorokina O. Yu., Zakharova L. M., Ryzhov A. I., Serkov V. A., Smirnov A. A., Usherovich E. M. Flax and hemp: zone-adaptive varieties and production technologies: monograph. Tver': Tverskoy GU, 2014. 324 p.

8. Duk M., Kanapin A., Rozhmina T., Bankin M., Surkova S., Samsonova A., Samsonova M. The Genetic landscape of fiber flax. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021;12:764612. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.764612

9. Jankauskiene Z. Results of 90 years of flax breeding in Lithuania. Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Section B Natural Exact and Applied Sciences. 2014;68(3-4):184-192. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271726293_Results_of_90_Years_of_Flax_Breeding_in_Lithuania_90_Gadu_Linu_Selekcijas_Rezultati_Lietuva

10. Rozhmina T., Bankin M., Samsonova A., Kanapin A., Samsonova M. A comprehensive dataset of flax (Linum usitatissimum L) phenotypes. Data in Brief. 2021;37:107224. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107224

11. Baley C., Goudenhooft C., Gibaud M., Bourmaud A. Flax stems: from a specific architecture to an instructive model for bioinspired composite structures. Bioinspiration & Biomimetics. 2018;13:026007. doi: 10.1088/1748-3190/aaa6b7

12. Ushchapovskii I. V., Pavlova L. N., Korneeva E. M., Brutch N. B. Peculiarities of fiber flax evaluation in soil-melioration conditions of drainage. Trudy po prikladnoy botanike, genetike i selektsii = Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding. 2017;178(2):73-83. (In Russ.). doi: 10.30901/2227-8834-2017-2-73-83

13. Korolev K. P., Bome N. A. Evaluation of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes on environmental adaptability and stability in the north-eastern Belarus. Sel'skokhozyaystvennaya biologiya = Agricultural Biology. 2017;52(3):615-621. (In Russ.). doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2017.3.615rus

14. Stepin A. D., Rysev M. N., Ryseva T. A., Lisitskaya T. D. Evaluation of collection accessions of fiber flax according to flax fiber yield and adaptability parameters in the conditions of North-West of the Russian Federation. Agrarnaya nauka Evro-Severo-Vostoka = Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2022;23(1):54-68. (In Russ.). doi: 10.30766/2072-9081.2022.23.1.54-68

15. Du G.-H., Liu F.-H., Rowland G. Fiber cell development and fiber yield of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) affected by the seasonal temperature pattern. Canadian Journal of Plant Science. 2015;95(6):1215-1220. doi: 10.4141/cjps-2014-185

16. Zhuchenko ml. A. A., Rozhmina T. A., Ponazhev V. P., Pavlova L. N., Tikhomirova V. Ya., Sorokina O. Yu., Pavlov E. I., Pozdnyakov B. A., Usanova Z. I. Ecological and genetic bases of fiber flax breeding. Tver': Tverckoy GU, 2009. 272 p.