Comparative indexing of early-maturing corn hybrids in multi-environment trial
https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2023.24.4.581-591
Abstract
The article shows the results of a multi-environment trial which was conducted in 2022 to determine the adaptability of corn hybrids and identify genotypes which are better to choose for a short growing season. Ten new early-maturing (FAO 130-150) corn hybrids were studied in 6 plant breeding organisations – ecological sites in 4 soil-climatic zones of Russia such as the Central Black Earth region, North Caucasus, Urals, West Siberia. The corn hybrids were evaluated by plasticity (bi), stability (σd2) and selection indices: the breeding value of the cultivar (Svc), the selection index (Si) and the selection value index of the cultivar (Ssvi). Nalchik (Ij = +1.51), Belgorod (Ij = +0.18) and Voronezh (Ij = +0.04) had favourable environmental conditions, unfavourable environments were in Chelyabinsk (Ij = -1.09), Omsk (Ij = -0.56) and Pyatigorsk (Ij = -0.08). Hybrid 140/26 had the highest grain yield (6.50 t/ha) on average, it exceeded the best standard by 1.15 t/ha. The hybrids 140-28 had the highest mean yield (7.66 t/ha) and 140/24 (7.65 t/ha) under favourable conditions, hybrid 100/28 was the best (5.42 t/ha) in unfavourable environments. Hybrids 100/24 (18.7 %), 140/25 (19.0 %), 100/27 (20.5 %) had the lowest grain moisture at harvest. Hybrids 140/24 (bi = 1.82, σd2 = 0.08), 140/28 (bi = 1.54, σd2 = 0.09), 100/26 (bi = 1.45, σd2 = 0.17) with high ecological plasticity and stability were recommended to grow under intensive growing conditions. It was shown that the application of the technique for evaluating corn hybrids by selection indices makes it possible to identify regionally oriented genotypes. It is better to grow hybrids 100/28 (Svic = 8.44) и 100/27 (Svic = 8.26), which had an optimal balance of environmental stability, grain yield and grain moisture at harvest, in unfavourable conditions with a short growing season.
Keywords
About the Authors
N. A. OrlyanskayaRussian Federation
Natalya A. Orlyanskaya, PhD in Agricultural Science, leading researcher
Department of Breeding and Grain Production of Maize
396835
Chayanov str., 13
Voronezh region
Khokholsky District
Experimental Station of ARRIM
N. A. Orlyansky
Russian Federation
Nikolay A. Orlyansky, DSc in Agricultural Science, Acting Director of the Branch
396835
Chayanov str., 13
Voronezh region
Khokholsky District
Experimental Station of ARRIM
D. S. Chebotarev
Russian Federation
Dmitry S. Chebotarev, junior researcher
Department of Breeding and Grain Production of Maize
396835
Chayanov str., 13
Voronezh region
Khokholsky District
Experimental Station of ARRIM
References
1. Trudy F. C. Mackay A-maize-ing diversity. Science. 2009;325(5941):688-689. doi: 10.1126/science.1178420
2. Sotchenko V. S. The role of corn in improving the food security of the country. Vestnik Rossiyskoy akademii nauk = Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2015;85(1):12-14. (In Russ.). doi: 10.7868/S086958731501017X
3. Sotchenko V. S., Gorbacheva A. G., Panfilov A. E., Vetoshkina I.A., Zamyatin A. D. Grain productivity of maize hybrids as a function of geographical points, sowing periods and seed storage duration. APK Rossii = Agro-Industrial Complex of Russia. 2016;23(3):687-694. (In Russ.). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=27192859
4. Heng Z., Yuanyuan L., Jian-Kang Z. Developing naturally stress-resistant crops for a sustainable agriculture. Nature Plants. 2018;4(12):989-996. doi: 10.1038/s41477-018-0309-4
5. Dai A. G. Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models. Nature Climate Change. 2013;3:52-58. doi: 10.1038/nclimate1633
6. Kilchevskiy A. V., Khotyleva L. V. Ecological plant breeding. Minsk, 1997. 372 p.
7. Troyer A. F. Adaptedness and Heterosis in Corn and Mule Hybrids. Crop Science. 2006;46(2):528-543. doi: 10.2135/cropsci2005.0065
8. Rybas' I. A. Breeding grain crops to increase adaptability. Sel'skokhozyaystvennaya biologiya = Agricultural Biology. 2016;51(5):617-626. (In Russ.). doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2016.5.617rus
9. Orlyanskiy N. A., Zubko D. G., Orlyanskaya N. A. Achievements and prospects of corn selective breeding with a view to earliness of ripening. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta = Vestnik of Voronezh state agrarian university. 2013;(2(37)):107-111. (In Russ.). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=20206457
10. Suprunov A. I., Perevyazka A. P., Perevyazka D. S., Tereshchenko A. A. Selection of early maturing maize hybrids with quick return of moisture by grain at maturation. Risovodstvo = Rice Growing. 2019;4(45):19-24. (In Russ.). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=41559966
11. Sotchenko V. S., Gorbacheva A. G., Panfilov A. E., Kazakova N. I., Vetoshkina I. A. Reaction norm and stability of short-season maize hybrids as affected by environment. Kormoproizvodstvo = Forage Production. 2020;(4):39-43. (In Russ.). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=42835588
12. Krivosheev G. Y., Ignatiev A. S. Ecological trials of new maize hybrids in the conditions of various moisture supply. Zernovoe khozyaystvo Rossii = Grain Economy of Russia. 2018;(4):47-51. (In Russ.). doi: 10.31367/2079-8725-2018-58-4-47-51
13. Zaytsev S. A., Zhuzhukin V. I., Gudova L. A., Volkov D. P., Guseva S. A., Nosko O. S. Ecological approach in the adapted breeding system of mid-late maize hybrids (FAO 300-399) in the lower Volga region. Agrarnyy nauchnyy zhurnal = The Agrarian Scientific Journal. 2021;(3):19-24. (In Russ.). doi: 10.28983/asj.y2021i3pp19-24
14. Kusmec A., de Leon N., Schnable P. S. Harnessing phenotypic plasticity to improve maize yields. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2018;9:1377. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01377
15. Eberhart S. A., Russell W. A. Stability parameters for comparing varieties. Crop Science. 1966;6(1):36-40. doi: 10.2135/cropsci1966.0011183X000600010011x
16. Eliseev S. L., Eliseev A. S. Ripening maize grain in northern zones of maize seeding. Permskiy agrarnyy vestnik = Perm Agrarian Journal. 2015;(1(9)):11-18. (In Russ.). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=23172588
17. Sotchenko V. S., Panfilov A. E., Gorbacheva A. G., Kazakova N. I., Vetoshkina I. A. Genotype and environment influence on the rate of grain moisture loss in corn during ripening period. Sel'skokhozyaystvennaya biologiya = Agricultural Biology. 2021;56(1):54-65. (In Russ.). doi: 10.15389/agrobiology.2021.1.54rus
18. Orlyanskiy N. A., Orlyanskaya N. A. Evaluating the results of ecological testing of maize hybrids using selection indexes. Kukuruza i sorgo. 2016;(2):3-7. (In Russ.). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=26283455
19. Panfilov A. E., Zezin N. N., Ovchinnikov P. Yu. Biological productivity of ultra-early corn hybrids in various soil and climatic zones of the Ural region. Agrarnyy vestnik Urala = Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2022;(3(218)):35-47. (In Russ.). URL: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=48647889
20. Loginova A. M., Gubin S. V., Getts G. V. Studying the corn hybrids of different ripeness groups in the southern forest-steppe of Omsk region. APK Rossii = Agro-Industrial Complex of Russia. 2021;28(3):326-331. (In Russ.) URL: https://elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=46642927
21. Orlyanskaya N. A., Chebotarev D. S. Adaptive potential of the source material for the breeding of early maturing hybrids of corn in the conditions of the Central Black Earth region. Sakhar = Sugar. 2022;(12):20-24. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24412/2413-5518-2022-12-20-24
Review
For citations:
Orlyanskaya N.A., Orlyansky N.A., Chebotarev D.S. Comparative indexing of early-maturing corn hybrids in multi-environment trial. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2023;24(4):581-591. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2023.24.4.581-591