Метаболизм и газообразование в рубце овец при использовании в питании различных источников жира

Цель работы – исследование влияния различных источников жира в питании овец на показатели рубцового пищеварения, выделение метана и углекислого газа методом in vivo. Эксперимент проведен в условиях физиологического двора ФГБНУ ФИЦ ВИЖ им. Л. К. Эрнста в 2024 году на баранах романовской породы и помесях с катадином с хроническими фистулами рубца методом групп-периодов. Животные в контрольный период получали основной рацион (ОР – сено и концентраты), в I опытный – ОР + пальмовое масло, во II опытный – ОР + подсолнечное масло,  в III опытный – жир личинок мухи Hermetia illucens в дозировке 0,5 % от сухого вещества рациона (7,5 г в сутки). Суточное количество кормов животные получали в два приема. В конце каждого периода у всех животных исследовали показатели рубцового метаболизма в динамике, выделение газов in vivo. Дополнение различных источников жира в указанной дозировке не оказало отрицательного влияния на потребление основных кормов. Использование в питании овец жира личинок мухи способствовало повышению концентрации летучих жирных кислот на 29,0 % (р<0,01), снижению уровня аммонийного азота на 12,9 %. Использование пальмового и подсолнечного масла привело к снижению в рубце концентрации аммонийного азота по сравнению с контролем на 28,7 % (р<0,05) и 29,5 % (р<0,05) соответственно. В контрольный период из организма овец выделилось 20,66 л метана, в I опытный – меньше на 12,0 % (18,18 л), во II опытный – на 6,20 % (19,38 л), в III опытный – на 20,33 % (16,46 л) (р<0,01). Использование дополнительных источников жира в кормлении жвачных животных может быть эффективным способом снижения выделения парниковых газов. 

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