Limitations on the use of genealogical lines in Holstein cattle as a genetic factor
https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2025.26.5.1098-1111
Abstract
In modern dairy farming, genealogical lines are traditionally used to predict productivity, but their effectiveness remains controversial. In this work, based on the analysis of 38 scientific publications (2012–2024) and original data from 762 Holstein cows in the Sverdlovsk region (Russia), there has been studied the relationship between lineage affiliation of the most common Wis Burke Ideal (WBI) and Reflection Sovereign (RS) lines and milk productivity indicators (milk yield over 305 days of the first lactation, fat and protein percentage in the milk). Analysis of scientific sources showed that only eight out of thirty-eight studies were noted by statistically significant differences, while the results concerning differences in productivity indicators among different lines were not conclusive. Statistical analysis of the original data (Shapiro-Wilk test, MannWhitney U-test) revealed non-normal distribution and limited significance of differences between lines in terms of productivity indicators. Line purity of bulls whose semen is used in the region has been lost by the third generation already. Genetic analysis made it possible to reconstruct genealogical connections and demonstrated interline mixing in breeding stock, specifically, 40 % of kinship relationships turned out to be inter-lineage. Evaluation of genetic differentiation (FST) indicated no difference between WBI and RS lines, whereas genealogical communities within the population exhibited greater genetic distinctiveness. The results prove that genealogical lines cannot serve as reliable tools for predicting productivity due to insufficient statistical significance, high degree of mixing, and lack of genetic uniqueness. According to the research results, it is recommended to take the transition to genomic selection methods that consider individual genetic markers rather than lineage affiliation.
Supporting agencies: The work was supported by the Russian Scientific Foundation (RSF) grant No. 23-26-00260 (https://rscf.ru/project/23-26-00260/).
About the Authors
G. A. Lihodeevskiy
Ural State Agricultural University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Georgiy A. Lihodeevskiy, postgraduate, junior researcher, The Laboratory of Molecular and Biological Research,
Karl Liebknecht Street, 42, Yekaterinburg, 620075
P. S. Bogatova
Ural State Agricultural University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Polina S. Bogatova, postgraduate, junior researcher, The Laboratory of Molecular and Biological Research,
Karl Liebknecht Street, 42, Yekaterinburg, 620075
O. E. Lihodeevskaya
Ural State Agricultural University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Oksana E. Lihodeevskaya, PhD in Biological Science, associate professor, Head of the Laboratory of Molecular and Biological Research,
Karl Liebknecht Street, 42, Yekaterinburg, 620075
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For citations:
Lihodeevskiy G.A., Bogatova P.S., Lihodeevskaya O.E. Limitations on the use of genealogical lines in Holstein cattle as a genetic factor. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2025;26(5):1098-1111. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2025.26.5.1098-1111
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