Биологические особенности Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (обзор)

Цель обзора – провести обобщение и анализ актуальных данных по заболеванию свиней актинобациллезной плевропневмонией для дальнейшего их использования при конструировании иммунобиологических препаратов и системы ветеринарно-санитарных мероприятий. В обзоре представлена история, таксономия бактерий Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, этиология, патогенез, механизмы вирулентности, факторы патогенности, меры профилактики. Актинобациллезная плевропневмония является важной актуальной инфекцией свиноводства. Уровень ее распространения остается достаточно высоким во всём мире. Данный факт обусловлен бессимптомным носительством возбудителя бóльшей частью поголовья различных предприятий, легкой передачей инфекции, антигенной изменчивостью, включая факторы вирулентности. Несмотря на значительное количество разработанных и внедренных иммунобиологических препаратов против актинтобациллезной плевропневмонии зарубежные и отечественные ученые продолжают искать подходы в борьбе и диагностике Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, разработке новых технологических решений для эрадикации возбудителя, что будет способствовать росту свиноводческой продукции. Немаловажным упущением является отсутствие национальной и межгосударственной программы по контролю, профилактике актинобациллезной плевропневмонии. Ограниченные данные о распространении и устойчивости к антибактериальным препаратам препятствуют разработке научно обоснованных стратегий профилактики и лечения. Данные об антибиотикочувствительности Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae могут различаться в зависимости от географической принадлежности серотипа и с течением времени.

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