Физические методы снижения содержания микотоксинов в кормах и их применение в комбикормовой промышленности (обзор)

В обзоре рассмотрены вопросы снижения содержания микотоксинов в кормах физическими методами и их применения при производстве комбикормов. Анализ научных публикаций по исследуемой теме показал, что физические методы снижения содержания микотоксинов в кормах являются достаточно эффективными. Физические методы включают очистку и сортировку сырья, шелушение зерна, измельчение с удалением наружных слоев зерна, нагревание, экструдирование, воздействие неионизирующих и ионизирующих излучений, а также холодной плазмы. Наиболее эффективны для снижения содержания микотоксинов в кормах тепловые методы (нагревание, экструдирование) и ионизирующие излучения (гамма-излучение, пучок электронов). Новый метод детоксикации кормов холодной плазмой является перспективным, но требует дополнительного исследования. Для наиболее полного удаления микотоксинов рационально сочетание различных физических методов, а именно очистки и сортировки на предварительном этапе, тепловой или лучевой обработки на завершающем. Но для применения физических методов в комбикормовой промышленности необходимо определение рациональных параметров их выполнения, а также установление оптимальных комбинаций различных методов для конкретных микотоксинов. Тематика снижения содержания микотоксинов в кормах физическими методами является перспективной, но требует проведения дополнительных исследований.

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