A promising direction in agriculture is the use of metal nanoparticles as nanofertilizers, which can increase the yield of agricultural crops and, at the same time, minimize the frequency of fertilization due to the long-term release of nutrients. One of the environmentally safest and cheapest methods of synthesizing metal nanoparticles is biosynthesis using plant extracts. During the redox reaction, proteins, carbohydrates, organic acids, phenols and other metabolites are able to transfer electrons to metal cations, restoring their charge to zero on the nanometer scale. This article, based on publications on the issue under study by authors from the United States of America, Europe and the Middle East, China and India, describes the biosynthesis of nanoparticles of zinc oxide, copper and copper oxide, iron and iron oxide, as well as manganese and manganese oxide using the formation of plant extracts, and data on the use of these metals and their oxides as nanofertilizers and preparations for plant growing are presented. It has been shown that the use of metal nanoparticles and their oxides as fertilizers is more effective than conventional compounds used as fertilizers. This is probably due to the fact that it is easier for nanoparticles to penetrate through the plant membrane, as well as to pass into a form accessible to plants in comparison with conventional analogs. The positive effect of the influence of nanoparticles on plants is expressed in the elongation of the roots and shoots of model plants and an increase in the biomass of seedlings. In addition, the amount of chlorophyll in the leaves increases, and some biochemical processes also change, for example, the amount of antioxidant enzymes increases, which makes it possible to increase the stress resistance of plants.

The article is devoted to the actual problem of conservation of biological diversity in the modern world. The basic principles and specific approaches to the protection of macromycetes as organisms that are difficult in qualitative and quantitative accounting due to the peculiarities of biology and life cycle have been studied. Domestic and global trends and practices in the field of protecting the species diversity of agaricoid fungi as a component of any ecosystem are discussed. The information on the features of regional fungal diversity detection, rare and threatened species for inclusion into the Red lists of various levels as well as on determining the boundaries of fungal populations, including using barcoding methods is provided. It is noted that for the organization of specially protected natural areas, it is necessary to specify and substantiate the changes in the status of separate species, to identify key areas with specific and typical mycological complexes. The idea that the system of mushroom protection should be integrated into the general system of nature protection is substantiated. Along with the protection of rare and endangered fungi species in their typical habitats (nature reserves, nature parks, wildlife areas, etc.), priority directions for preserving the gene pool of fungi in scientific collections and ex situ banks are described. Live mycelial cultures of fungi can be used for the development of new resistant populations by the reintroduction of rare and endangered species, as well as for the production of fungal metabolites useful for humans. There has been also discussed the problem of improving the effectiveness of protective measures through the digitalization of information systems: free and open access to the data on the endangered fungi species through the development of specialized computer databases, websites and unified information banks.

In the conditions of the Kirov region, 375 samples of soft spring wheat of various ecological and geographical origin (from 30 countries) of the Federal Research Centre N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) collection were studied. The assessment of the source material by yield, duration of the growing season, plant height, lodging resistance, productivity of the ear and plant, 1000-grain mass is presented in the form of a 9-point system of the severity of the trait for three years of field study. As sources for breeding, varieties that combine high yield (5.0...9.0 points) with a high level of economically valuable traits (7.0...9.0 points) were identified. The maximum average point (9.0) for yield capacity was noted by the variety Karabalykskaya 91 (Kazakhstan). The optimal height (53.9...74.0 cm) and lodging resistance were noted in the varieties: Estivum 155 (Russia), Kvorum (Ukraine), Epos, Ethos, Nandu, Schenk and KVS Akvilon (Germany), AC Phil and PT-741 (Canada), Hybrid (Mexico), Leguan (Czech), PS-133 (China) and SSL 25-2 (USA). Early maturation was distinguished in the domestic varieties Skala and Iren (80...87 days). The samples Line 3691h, Izida, FPCh-Ppd-m, Gerakl, Sibirskaya 16 (Russia), Kvorum (Ukraine), Attis and Nandu (Germany), Musket (England) were distinguished by the length (7.3...8.8 cm) and the number of grain of the main ear (32.1...39.9 pcs.). The varieties Voronezhskaya 16, Gerakl, Saratovskaya 72, Saratovskaya 73, Sibirskaya 16, Serebristaya, FPCh-Ppd-m and Ekada 6 (Russia), Anshlag and Kvorum (Ukraine), AC Gabrieland Hoffman (Canada), Attis and Nandu (Germany) were distinguished by a high grain weight per ear (1.28...1.58 g). The varieties Zakamskaya (Russia), Rassvet (Belarus), AC Cadillac (Canada) and PS-95 (China) are recommended as sources of high protein content. It is shown that the wheat yield in the region is closely related to the plant height (r = 0.67), the ear and plant productivity elements (r = 0.24...0.41), the protein content (r = -0.49) and does not depend on the 1000-grain mass (r = 0.04). Sixteen samples were identified with complex resistance to dominating fungal diseases. Samples Altajskaya 110, Kinelskaya 61, Line 2, Lutescens 30 and Estivum V313 (Russia) combined high yield with aluminum resistance. Varieties Altajskaya 100, Baganskaya 95, Line 3691h, Novosibirskaya 20 and Estivum 155 (Russia), Klein Vencedor (Argentina) and NOS Norko (Germany) were characterized by high yield and drought resistance. Based on the obtained results, a bank of sources of economically valuable traits was created, which allows to involve genotypes adapted to the conditions of the region in the breeding process.

Ecological tests of improved in vitro plants - potato regenerants of promising and zoned in Central Yakutia varieties have been carried out on cryogenic flood plain fibrous saline soils. To conduct a field experiment, clones adapted to the soil (2019) and their tuberous offspring (2020) were planted at the end of May. It was revealed that the most resistant to open ground conditions were regenerants of the Krasavchik variety (survival rate - 28.0 %); the least adapted variety was Vasilek (1.0 %). It has been established that among improved zoned varieties the most tolerant to arid conditions of vegetation (hydrothermal coefficient 0.4) and more productive (average tuber weight 213.9 g) was the Adretta variety. High index of tuber safety (100.0±5.0 %) was observed in Adretta variety (37 pcs.) and promising varieties Riviera (18 pcs.), Triumf (40 pcs.) and Rodrigo variety (16 pcs., 94.1±4.7 %). Zoned variety Vasilek (12 pcs., 80.0±4.0 %) and promising variety Assol (77.3±3.9 %, 17 pcs.) had no statistical difference in these indexes. The safety of Krasavchik variety tubers was 69.1±4.0 % (241pcs.). Zoned variety Rozard (65 pcs., 55.6±2.8 %) and promising Ilona variety had the same tuber safety. Minimum level of tuber safety was observed in Velina variety (18 pcs., 33.3±1.7 %).

Search work for optimization of such conditions for in vitro cultivation of potatoes as photoperiod, volume of nutrient medium, choice of a source of carbohydrate nutrition and its concentration, as well as growth regulators of auxin and cytokinin nature, was carried out in 2018-2020. Potato microplants of early-ripening (Alena, Latona, Red-Scarlett), middle-early (Adretta, Charodei, Svitanok Kievsky) and mid-season (Naiada, Ladozhskiy, Skarb) varieties were cultivated at illumination of 75-85 mMol/m² s^-1, 6500 K, air temperature 22...25 °C, relative air humidity 70-75 % and photoperiod from 4 to 16 hours. The results of three years of research have shown that the Murashige-Skooga nutrient medium modified by the Russian Potato Research Center with a 6 % sucrose concentration in a volume of 10 ml per microplant and a 12-hour photoperiod were optimal for micro-tuberization during in vitro cultivation of potatoes of all ripeness groups. The interaction of these cultivation conditions made it possible to obtain an average of 2.5 pcs. of microtubers per microplant of early-ripening potato varieties, 2.4 pcs. - middle-early and 3.2 pcs. - mid-season varieties. Optimal methods of in vitro cultivation of potatoes served as the basis for a new technique for obtaining potato microtubers. If this method was followed, the share of microplants with microtubers of early-ripening varieties increased by 6 %, middle-early varieties - by 12 % and mid-season ones - by 9 %. In addition, the duration of the micro-tuberization period in middle-early varieties was reduced by 14 days, in early-ripening and mid-season potato varieties by 28 days. Microplants of early-ripening and middle-early potato varieties formed larger microtubers, while mid-season varieties were in the lead in terms of quantitative yield.

In the field experiment on the area of 100 m² the impact of weather conditions on green mass formation and chemical composition of early ripe three-line maizehybrid DorkaMGT grown in the central agroclimatic region of the Komi Republic was studied. According tothe data of three vegetation seasons (2018-2020), the maize plants can form up to 56.5 t/ha green mass in the northern non-black earth region withthe sum of average daily active temperatures over 10 °C (GDD₁₀) of about 1500 °C and a hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) of about 2. The decrease in GDD₁₀ of 30 % and moderate precipitation (HTC = 2.3) resulted in a proportional decrease in green mass yield. During the growing season with abundant precipitation (HTC = 4), the production potential efficiency of maize plants fell significantly as evidenced by a decrease in yield by more than 4 times. The average yield of green mass over 3 years was 35.5 t/ha. No significant effects of vegetation conditions on the content of basic chemical elements and nutrients (sugars, protein) in plant biomasshave been revealed. The rate of visible photosynthesis of maize leaves reached 13-14 pmol CO₂ / (m²s) during the period of intensive vegetative growth (phase of five leaves) and decreased during the transition to generative development (“heading of panicle” phase). In general, the data obtained indicate the possibility of growing early ripe maize hybrid Dorka MGT in the central agroclimatic region of the Komi Republic to obtain high-quality green feed and silage.

The article presents the results of breeding work for the creation of new high-yielding varieties of bitter-aromatic hops with a high content of alpha-acids carried out in 2004-2020 in the Chuvash Republic on gray forest soils. The work was done by individual clonal selection of the best hop plants from the collection nursery. Seven high-yielding breeding numbers with a high alpha-acid content were selected from the collection nursery. After passing through all the stages of study in each of the appropriate nurseries from seven numbers, two clones were selected to create new varieties. Data were obtained on the parameters of the initial clonal breeding material, depending on weather conditions and the age of plantings. The selected clones (1-17 bitter-aromatic type and 6-26 bitter type) correspond to the specified indicators: collection of raw hops is not less than 4.0 kg from a bush, the duration of the growing period is 100-120 days, the content of alpha acids is not less than 5.0 %. Documentation on clone 1-17 was sent to the State Variety Commission for registration of a new variety Salampi. The variety is characterized by stable performance and quality indicators. The productivity of the variety is 30.0 c/ha (4.0 kg/bush) with a content of alphaacids of 9.3 %. The Podvyazny standard variety has 26.4 c/ha (3.5 kg/bush), the content of alpha-acids is 8.8 %. Testing of clone 6-26 will be continued to obtain complete and objective data.

In 2019-2020, the quality of lawn-type grass mixtures based on creeping clover (Trifolium repens L.), meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis), pasture ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and meadow bluegrass (Poa pratensis) was evaluated in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region (Penza region). The studied factors are the composition of the mixtures (creeping clover + bluegrass component), the seeding rates of the components (40 + 70 %; 55 + 55 %; 70 + 40 %) and the background of mineral nutrition (without fertilizers, P₄₅K₄₅, N₃₀P₄₅K₄₅). The growing season during the years of research was characterized by arid conditions, the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC) for the period May-September in 2019 was 0.79, in 2020 - 0.76. On average, over two years of grass mixtures of creeping clover with meadow bluegrass at a seeding rate of 40 + 70 % and 70 + 40 % (from the seeding rate in pure form), creeping clover with meadow fescue with a seeding rate of 70 + 40 % components at all doses of mineral fertilizers had the highest comprehensive assessment of the quality of the lawn. The grass mixtures of creeping clover with meadow bluegrass (70 + 40 %) and creeping clover with meadow fescue (70 + 40 %) against the background of application of N30P45K45 had the maximum indicators in terms of herbage density (1425 and 1475 pcs/m²), which significantly exceeded the control and the variant with the introduction of Р₄₅К₄₅. In these variants, the highest indicators of projective cover (97.5 %) and a comprehensive assessment of "excellent" and "highest quality". According to weediness, the crops were estimated at 1 point (slightly weedy), per 1 m² of annual and biennial weeds there were 24-27 pcs., rhizome weeds - less than 10 pcs. per 1 m², the area of weed projective cover did not exceed 5 %.

For the successful functioning of a breeding and nursery center of scientific and practical work with fruit and small fruit crops, an important task is to create repositories, including thosein the field. A field repository is a plant gene bank based in accordance with international standards on planting material that is free from dangerous pathogens, including viruses, representing tested for productivity typical plants.For the purpose of a comparative study of promising varieties, hybrids and clones-candidates for original plants, a field repository and mother plantation of strawberries clones and varieties have been created on the territory of the Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery.As a result of research in 2015-2020, 386 high-yielding strawberry plants were selected and tested for the main harmful viruses using diagnostic kits from “Loewe” firm (Germany). The prevalence of harmful Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV), Raspberry ringspot virus (RpRSV), Tomato black ring virus (TBRV), Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRSV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in strawberry plantations depended on the area cultivation, varietal composition of plantings and ranged from 31 to 69 %. The prevalence of viruses RpRSV (up to 36 %), TBRV (up to 31 %) and CMV (up to 22 %) was established. The high efficiency of dry-air thermotherapy for the recovery of strawberries with the number of virus-free intact plants of 56 % has been shown.
A genebank of "candidates for original plants" has been formed from 234 strawberry plants of 39 varieties and hybrids, which, after confirming their status by PCR, will be transferred to the category of "original plants".

The aim of the research is to search new sources of the main economically valuable traits for further breeding of raspberry. Nineteen previously created selected forms were studied for winter resistance components under controlled conditions, for resistance to major fungal diseases, productivity components, strength and biochemical composition of fruits. The zoned Gusar variety was used as the control. The work was carried out in 2018-2020 according to generally accepted techniques. Artificial freezing of raspberry stems was carried out in the climate chamber TH-6 JEIO TECH. According to the results of the studies, selected forms 8-10х-1, 6-125-4, which have an increased resistance to certain components of winter resistance, have been identified. Hybrids 2-115-1 and 1-188-1 have cumulative resistance to winter damage factors. Based on the integrated resistance of raspberry hybrids to the main fungal diseases, new sources have been revealed: forms 1-124-1, 2-115-1, 2-115-2, 1-111-21, 1-8-2, 2-35-1, 2-90-3, 6-125-4, 3-4-2, 8-10х-1, 4-33-21 and 4-122-2. The degree of their damage did not have a significant influence on winter hardiness, productivity and quality of berries. As the result of study of components of the raspberry productivity, selected forms (1-111-21, 2-90-2 and 2-90-3), forming fruits with an average weight of more than 4.0 g, and genotypes with large and one-dimensional fruits (1-176-21, 2-35-1, 4-33-21, 1-124-1) not growing smaller from picking to picking were identified. The highest potential productivity was noted for selections 2-115-1, 1-111-21, 1-188-1, 4-46-2, 2-90-2 and 2-90-3, capable to form a yield of more than 1.3 kg per bush. The selections 1-124-1, 2-90-2 and 2-90-3 are distinguished by an increased strength of the fruits. They form fruits with a crushing force exceeding 5.0 N, which ensures the safety of integrity and transportability when manually harvested. No complex sources of increased accumulation of biologically active substances have been identified. Genotypes with a high content of individual biochemical substances were selected. The highest accumulation of soluble solids and sugars was noted in the samples 2-90-3, 18-11-4 and 2-115-1. Highest accumulation o the vitamin C was observed in the samples 6-125-4 (59.8 mg/100 g) and 2-90-3 (61.5 mg/100 g). As new sources in breeding to improve the taste characteristics of raspberry, it is necessary to use selected forms 2-90-2, 2-115-1 and 6-125-4, approaching in taste to the standard variety Novost Kuzmina. Selected forms 2-90-2, 2-90-3 and 2-115-1 are new sources in raspberry breeding, combining a complex of economically valuable traits at a high level.

The productivity of annual feed grass mixtures (vetch + oats, Sudan grass + white mustard, Sudan grass + oilseed radish), sown after the winter rye harvesting during the “shooting” phase (the 1st time of sowing), during the “heading” phase (the 2nd time of sowing), and during the phase of complete ripeness (the 3d time of sowing), was studied in the conditions of forest-steppe soils of the Volga Region (the Republic of Mordovia). The experiment was carried out in 2018-2020 on heavy loamy soils against the background of three doses of mineral fertilizers use (without fertilizers, N₁₆P₁₆K₁₆ + N₃₀, N₁₆P₁₆K₁₆ + N₆₀). It has been established that the duration of vegetation of feed mixtures according to the time of sowing when harvesting for green mass was: at the first the time of sowing - 63-85 days, at the second - 63-76 days, at the third - 56-62 days. The highest height of the plant was at the first time of sowing with the use of fertilizers at a dose of N₁₆P₁₆K₁₆ + N₆₀, the lowest - at the third time of sowing. The highest growth was achieved by Sudan grass (48-116 cm), the lowest - by the mixture of vetch and oats (18-67 cm). The highest yield of green mass (14.0 t/ha) was observed when cultivating Sudan grass mixed with oilseed radish on the background of N₁₆P₁₆K₁₆ + N₆₀ at the first time of sowing. For mixture of Sudan grass with white mustard, the yield was 2-7 % lower, and for vetch + oats mixture - 32-45 % lower. The same was observed according to the yield of dry matter and feed units. As to the protein content, mixtures of Sudan grass with cruciferous crops exceeded the vetch + oats mixture by 7-26 %. The fiber content in the grass mixtures was decreasing from the first time of sowing to the last. The greatest amount of fiber (28.11-28.72 %) was observed during the second time of sowing. The economic assessment showed that the cultivation of annual grass mixtures after winter rye without mineral fertilizers was the most cost-effective (29-208 %). The highest efficiency (202-208 %) was provided by the mixture of Sudan grass with oilseed radish and white mustard.

The experiment was conducted on the basis of the agricultural production cooperative kolkhoz "Iskra" (Kirov region) in 40 highly productive cows of black-motley Holstein zed breed, which were divided by the method of paired analogues into 4 groups of 10 heads. The influence of the biologically active additive Lamarin Saldonum on the reproductive function and the milk productivity of cows was studied. The animals of the experimental groups were given the additive daily in doses of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g per 1 kg of live weight for 30 days before calving during 60 days. It has been established that Lamarin Saldonum does not negatively affect the duration of pregnancy, while it helps to reduce the number of generic and postpartum diseases. In cows of the experimental groups retention of placenta was registered 10-20 % less often and the development of postpartum endometritis was observed 10-30 % less often. It was also found that in the animals of the experimental groups the indifferent period was reduced by 8.13-14.49 %, the number of days from calving to fruitful insemination was decreased by 30.51-53.82 days, the number of days of infertility was reduced by 33.63-59.37 % compared to intact animals. The cows of the second experimental group showed the best milk productivity, where the gross milk yield exceeded the values of the control group in the first month of lactation by 19.63 %, in the second - by 13.43 %, in the third - by 39.87 %. The need for additional studies to determine the effective dose of the additive Lamarin Saldonum, which will have a stimulating effect on the reproductive function of high-productive cows, has been established.

In Republic of Tuva sheep breeding is a leading branch of animal husbandry. According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Food, the number of sheep is 980 thousand heads at the 1st of January 2021. Among them the percentage of Tuva-Saraja coarse-hair hybrids is more than 60%. The purpose of the work is to study economically valuable traits of Tuva-Saraja sheep of a new type in comparison with Tuva coarse-hair short-fat tailed sheep. For comparative assessment of live weight, dirty wool clip and length of wool according to the method of random sample, out of the herd there were selected 30 heads of ram lambs yearlings and 30 heads of ewe lambs yearlings of Tuva-Saraja semi-coarse-hair sheep of new type and Tuva coarse-hair short-fat tailed sheep. The results of research have shown, that rams and ewes yearlings of Tuva-Saraja semi-coarse-hair breed of new type significantly differ in size and wool productivity. They predominate over the lambs of the same age of Tuva coarse-hair short-fat tailed in live weight by 3.2-3.4 kg (9,7-10.2 %) statistically more, than Tuva coarse-hair short-fat tailed of the same age. The longest wool was recorded in rams yearlings of new type, with underwool of 7.8 cm that exceeded the length of underwool of Tuva ram lambs yearlings by 1.3 cm or 20.0 %, the top hair was 14.4 cm and exceeded the same index in analogues by 3,4 cm or 30.9 %. Tuva coarse-hair ewe lambs yearlings gave way to the semi-coarse-hair ewes of new type in the length of underwool and top hair. Thus, the rams and ewes yearlings semi-coarse-hair ewes of new type considerably differ in live weight, dirty wool clip and length of wool in comparison with Tuva coarse-hair short-fat tailed of the same age.

The article provides the results of study of the effectiveness of collection methods and the taxonomic identification of insects in the regions of Russia. During the research three methods of collecting insects were used: a UV trap, fly strips and a liquid gadfly trap (“death puddle”). The following blood-sucking insects play a key role in the epizootology of transmissible infections - houseflies (Muscidae), black flies (Simuliidae), mosquitoes (Culicidae), biting midges (Ceratopogonidae), gadflies (Tabanidae). There has been obtained new information on the species, territorial and temporal dynamics of the distribution of vectors of lumpy skin disease in cattle in the subjects of the Russian Federation. Data collection of the spatial and temporal spread of the disease visualized using GIS-technologies have been generated on the basis of the statistical reports. As the result of the research, it has been established that in the Nizhny Novgorod region representatives of the Psychodidae family, the percentage of which was 40.9 %, predominate in the nocturnal entomological complex. They are followed by mosquitoes (genus Culex) - 21.6 %, biting midges - 16.4 % manure flies - 7.0 % and black flies - 3.0 %, respectively. In the Saratov region, the nocturnal entomological complex was represented by manure flies (family Sphaeroceridae), black flies (family Simuliidae) and mosquitoes (genus Culex), the percentages were 56,0, 32,0 and 12,0 %, respectively. At the same time, in the Saratov region there were collected 239 times less mosquitoes than in the Nizhny Novgorod region, which was due to an increase in temperature in the conditions of the southern regions. This caused the water bodies to dry out and reduced the pool of insects whose developmental cycle is related to water. It has been established that all-year keeping of cattle in winter cow yards provides the diversity and rise in the number of insect vectors, which increases the risk of lumpy skin disease as compared to the grazing system of cattle keeping. For collection daytime insect vectors, it is recommended to use fly strips covered with rosin and mineral oil. For collection insects of the nocturnal entomocomplex, which are the main transmitters of the lumpy skin disease virus, one should use ultraviolet traps.

Russian and foreign literature on the development of diagnostic systems and scanning of objects using a vision system with deep machine learning programs has been analyzed during the study. The features of the technological process of feeding cattle have been studied. A system of non-contact assessment of the dry matter content/humidity of the components of the feed mixture of natural cultivation on the example of a corn silo using technical vision systems was proposed. A database of images of corn silage was collected and the dependences on the intensity of the reflecting light flux of the silage were revealed taking into account changes in humidity. The research was conducted in 2020 on the basis of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM (FNAC VIM), using experimental equipment of the Institute of General Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences named after A. M. Prokhorov and FNAC VIM. A stand with a technical vision system has been developed that allows to classify the components of a cattle feed mixture by color characteristics. The obtained dependences of the reflecting intensity of corn silage allow us to assert the prospect of using a vision system for express-evaluation of the quality indicators of feed mixture components. Taking into account the level of robotization of technological processes of feeding cattle, the problem of assessing the quality indicators (in particular, the dry matter/moisture content) of the components of a feed mixture is relevant.

The simultaneous existence of two interrelated forms of state aid - subsidizing classical agricultural insurance and compensation for damage to affected regions from the federal budget - requires understanding the basic principles of interaction and assessing the mutual impact of these areas of support. The purpose of the study is to identify the problems of the development of crop insurance and planting of perennial crops against the risks of natural emergencies. The research was carried out in the context of insurance statistics of Russian regions using generally accepted methods. The conducted research revealed the negative dynamics of a significant decrease in the volume of crop insurance of agricultural crops in 2016-2020. Regional authorities in the conditions of a single subsidy are not interested in the independent distribution of funds allocated by the state for the development of agricultural insurance. This is due to the fact that when the agricultural sector has significant losses as a result of the impact of natural disasters, the practice of introducing an emergency regime by the region is widespread. Which gives grounds for receiving compensation for half of the amount of damage directly from the federal budget. This determines the main problem of the development of classical agricultural insurance - the lack of expediency and material interest in this mechanism of protection of property interests both on the part of producers of agricultural products and on the part of regional authorities. In this regard, a brief justification was given for the feasibility of transforming the mechanism for providing direct assistance to the regions from the federal budget into a separate area of crop risk insurance in case of a natural emergency. This line of support will complete the classic multi-risk agricultural insurance.